Digital Innovations for Community and Primary Health in India

Sub-theme editors: Amnesty LeFevre, Rajani Ved, Diwakar Mohan, Purnima Menon, Sara Chamberlain The impact of a direct to beneficiary mobile communication program on reproductive and child health outcomes: a randomised controlled trial in India Amnesty Elizabeth LeFevre, Neha Shah, Kerry Scott, Sara Chamberlain, Osama Ummer, Jean Juste Harrisson Bashingwa, Arpita Chakraborty, Anna Godfrey, Priyanka Dutt, Rajani Ved, Diwakar Mohan Can digitally enabling community health and nutrition workers improve services delivery to pregnant women and mothers of infants? Quasi-experimental evidence from a national-scale nutrition programme in India Sumeet R Patil, Sneha Nimmagadda, Lakshmi Gopalakrishnan, Rasmi Avula, Sumati Bajaj, Nadia Diamond-Smith, Anshuman Paul, Lia Fernald, Purnima Menon, Dilys Walker Can health information through mobile phones close the divide in health behaviours among the marginalised? An equity analysis of Kilkari in Madhya Pradesh, India Diwakar Mohan, Kerry Scott, Neha Shah, Jean Juste Harrisson Bashingwa, Arpita Chakraborty, Osama Ummer, Anna Godfrey, Priyanka Dutt, Sara Chamberlain, Amnesty Elizabeth LeFevre Assessing exposure to Kilkari: a big data analysis of a large maternal mobile messaging service across 13 states in India Jean Juste Harrisson Bashingwa, Diwakar Mohan, Sara Chamberlain, Salil Arora, Jai Mendiratta, Sai Rahul, Vinod Chauhan, Kerry Scott, Neha Shah, Osama Ummer, Rajani Ved, Nicola Mulder, Amnesty Elizabeth LeFevre Another voice in the crowd: the challenge of changing family planning and child feeding practices through mHealth messaging in rural central India Kerry Scott, Osama Ummer, Aashaka Shinde, Manjula Sharma, Shalini Yadav, Anushree Jairath, Nikita Purty, Neha Shah, Diwakar Mohan, Sara Chamberlain, Amnesty Elizabeth LeFevre Does exposure to health information through mobile phones increase immunisation knowledge, completeness and timeliness in rural India? Arpita Chakraborty, Diwakar Mohan, Kerry Scott, Agrima Sahore, Neha Shah, Nayan Kumar, Osama Ummer, Jean Juste Harrisson Bashingwa, Sara Chamberlain, Priyanka Dutt, Anna Godfrey, Amnesty Elizabeth LeFevre Ten lessons learnt: scaling and transitioning one of the largest mobile health communication programmes in the world to a national government Sara Chamberlain, Priyanka Dutt, Anna Godfrey, Radharani Mitra, Amnesty Elizabeth LeFevre, Kerry Scott, Jai Mendiratta, Vinod Chauhan, Salil Arora Freedom within a cage: how patriarchal gender norms limit women’s use of mobile phones in rural central India Kerry Scott, Aashaka Shinde, Osama Ummer, Shalini Yadav, Manjula Sharma, Nikita Purty, Anushree Jairath, Sara Chamberlain, Amnesty Elizabeth LeFevre Telephony and trade-offs in fieldwork with the ‘unreached’: on the conduct of telephonic interviews with indigenous study participants in southern India Devaki Nambiar, Gloria Benny, Usaidali Optimising the reach of mobile health messaging programmes: an analysis of system generated data for the Kilkari programme across 13 states in India Mohan D, Bashingwa JJH, Scott K on behalf of the Kilkari Impact Evaluation Team Key learnings from an outcome and embedded process evaluation of a direct to beneficiary mobile health intervention among marginalised women in rural Bihar, India Laili Irani, Supriya Verma, Ruchika Mathur, Raj Kumar Verma, Diwakar Mohan, Diva Dhar, Aaditeshwar Seth, Indrajit Chaudhuri, Mahua Roy Chaudhury, Apolo Purthy, Ankit Nanda, Shivani Singh, Akshay Gupta, Amnesty Elizabeth LeFevre

Sub-theme editors: Amnesty LeFevre, Priya Nanda, Kerry Scott, Rajani Ved Problematic problem diagnostics: why digital health interventions for community health workers do not always achieve their desired impact Tom Newton-Lewis, Priya Nanda Implementing health communication tools at scale: mobile audio messaging and paper-based job aids for front-line workers providing community health education to mothers in Bihar, India Victoria Ward, Safa Abdalla, Hina Raheel, Yingjie Weng, Anna Godfrey, Priyanka Dutt, Radharani Mitra, Padmapriya Sastry, Sara Chamberlain, Melissa Shannon, Kala Mehta, Jason Bentley, Gary L Darmstadt, MD Why do strategies to strengthen primary health care succeed in some places and fail in others? Exploring local variation in the effectiveness of a community health worker managed digital health intervention in rural India Gill Schierhout, Devarsetty Praveen, Bindu Patel, Qiang Li, Kishor Mogulluru, Mohammed Abdul Ameer, Anushka Patel, Gari D Clifford, Rohina Joshi, Stephane Heritier, Pallab Maulik, David Peiris Examining the reach and exposure of a mobile phone-based training programme for frontline health workers (ASHAs) in 13 states across India Jean Juste Harrisson Bashingwa, Neha Shah, Diwakar Mohan, Kerry Scott, Sara Chamberlain, Nicola Mulder, Sai Rahul, Salil Arora, Arpita Chakraborty, Osama Ummer, Rajani Ved, Amnesty Elizabeth LeFevre, Kilkari Impact Evaluation team ASHA Kirana: When digital technology empowered frontline health workers V Srinidhi, Baneen Karachiwala, Aditi Iyer, Bhavya Reddy, Vinalini Mathrani, Neha Madhiwalla, Vani Periodi, Anuradha Sreevathsa, Lakshmi Viswanatha, Gita Sen ’[We] learned how to speak with love’: a qualitative exploration of accredited social health activist (ASHA) community health worker experiences of the Mobile Academy refresher training in Rajasthan, India Scott K, Ummer O, Chamberlain S, et al

Sub-theme editors: Amnesty LeFevre, Rajani Ved, Devaki Nambiar, Oommen John Using behavioural design and theories of change to integrate communication solutions into health systems in India: evolution, evidence and learnings from practice Priyanka Dutt, Anna Godfrey, Sara Chamberlain and Radharani Mitra Connecting the dots: Kerala’s use of digital technology during the COVID-19 response Osama Ummer, Kerry Scott, Diwakar Mohan, Arpita Chakraborty, Amnesty Elizabeth LeFevre A tale of ‘politics and stars aligning’: analysing the sustainability of scaled up digital tools for front-line health workers in India Neha S Singh, Kerry Scott, Asha George, Amnesty Elizabeth LeFevre, Rajani Ved Driving digital transformation of comprehensive primary health services at scale in India: an enterprise architecture framework Sunita Nadhamuni, Oommen John, Mallari Kulkarni, Eshan Nanda, Sethuraman Venkatraman, Devesh Varma, Satchit Balsari, Nachiket Gudi, Shantidev Samantaray, Haritha Reddy, Vikas Sheel Rebooting consent in the digital age: a governance framework for health data exchange Nivedita Saksena, Rahul Matthan, Anant Bhan, Satchit Balsari At the frontlines of digitisation: a qualitative study on the challenges and opportunities in maintaining accurate, complete and timely digital health records in India’s government health system Kerry Scott, Osama Ummer, Sara Chamberlain, Manjula Sharma, Dipanwita Gharai, Bibha Mishra, Namrata Choudhury, Diwakar Mohan, Amnesty Elizabeth LeFevre

Sub-theme editors: Amnesty LeFevre, Rajani Ved, Suneeta Krishnan, Diwakar Mohan, Priya Nanda SMS feedback system as a quality assurance mechanism: experience from a household survey in rural India Neha Shah, Osama Ummer, Kerry Scott, Jean Juste Harrisson Bashingwa, Nehru Penugonda, Arpita Chakraborty, Agrima Sahore, Diwakar Mohan, Amnesty Elizabeth LeFevre Impact of COVID-19 on household food insecurity and interlinkages with child feeding practices and coping strategies in Uttar Pradesh, India: a longitudinal community-based study Phuong Hong Nguyen, Shivani Kachwaha, Anjali Pant, Lan M Tran, Sebanti Ghosh, Praveen Kumar Sharma, Vishal Dev Shastri, Jessica Escobar-Alegria, Rasmi Avula, Purnima Menon Five questions to consider when conducting COVID-19 phone research Shreya Menon, Petra Sonderegger, Swetha Totapally Ethical considerations of phone-based interviews from three studies of COVID-19 impact in Bihar, India Karima Khalil, Priya Das, Rochana Kammowanee, Deepika Saluja, Priyanjali Mitra, Shamayita Das, Dipwanita Gharai, Dinesh Bhatt, Navneet Kumar, Samuel Franzen Who do phone surveys miss, and how to reduce exclusion: recommendations from phone surveys in nine Indian states Karan Nagpal, Mitali Roy Mathur, Abhilash Biswas, Andrew Fraker Patchy signals: capturing women’s voices in mobile phone surveys of rural India Skye Hersh, Divya Nair, Pradyot Bharadwaj Komaragiri, Raghav Kapoor Adlakha Assessing the reliability of phone surveys to measure reproductive, maternal and child health knowledge among pregnant women in rural India: a feasibility study Ng A, Mohan D, Shah N Kilkari Impact Evaluation Team, et al