Natural Medicines Causing Acute Kidney Injury
Section snippets
Herbal Medicine Toxicity
There are many reasons for the popularity of natural medicines. In the economically poor countries, a combination of ignorance, poverty, nonavailability of health facilities, high cost of modern medicines, and the widespread belief in indigenous systems forces the people to turn to local exorcists, faith healers, and witch doctors for their medical needs.10, 11, 12 Many cultures, especially those on the African continent, believe that a disease state reflects disharmony between the person and
AKI due to Herbal Medicines
AKI may be the sole manifestation or develop as part of a multisystem involvement that may include acid-base disturbances, liver failure, neurologic abnormalities, disseminated intravascular coagulation, or respiratory failure. The importance of toxic AKI caused by indigenous medications has been highlighted in reports emerging from sub-Saharan Africa and parts of Asia.5 According to some experts, poisoning with traditional medicines is one of the main causes of high mortality rates in many
Pathogenesis of Natural Medicine–Induced AKI
Kidneys are particularly vulnerable to toxic injury because of their high blood flow rate, large endothelial surface area, high metabolic activity, active uptake by tubular cells, medullary interstitial concentration, and low urine pH.15 Renal tubules are involved in active transport and urinary concentration, and therefore the local concentration of these toxins is high, leading to direct injury to tubular cells. Other mechanisms include renal ischemia caused by volume loss or a hemodynamic
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