Predictors of dispensing antibiotics without a prescription at postintervention
| Predictors | Antibiotic dispensing | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | |||
| No n (%) | Yes n (%) | OR (95% CI) | P value | OR (95% CI) | P value | |
| Arms | ||||||
| Non-participating group | 101 (48.6) | 469 (77.9) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Participating group | 107 (51.4) | 133 (22.1) | 0.12 (0.06 to 0.25) | <0.001 | 0.14 (0.07 to 0.30) | <0.001 |
| AB dispensing without a prescription at preintervention | ||||||
| No | 84 (40.4) | 61 (10.1) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 124 (59.6) | 541 (89.9) | 8.09 (4.29 to 15.25) | <0.001 | 6.97 (3.51 to 13.84) | <0.001 |
| Pharmacy structure | ||||||
| Standalone pharmacy | 105 (50.5) | 408 (67.8) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Pharmacy attached to GP/specialist clinics | 103 (49.5) | 194 (32.2) | 0.30 (0.14 to 0.64) | 0.002 | 0.56 (0.27 to 1.15) | 0.117 |
| Distance between the pharmacy and the department of health office (in km) | 0.95 (0.87 to 1.04) | 0.300 | ||||
| Was a pharmacist available during the visit? | ||||||
| No | 102 (49.0) | 349 (58.0) | 1 | |||
| Yes | 106 (51.0) | 253 (42.0) | 0.68 (0.39 to 1.17) | 0.164 | 0.64 (0.36 to 1.14) | 0.131 |
| Gender of attending pharmacy staff | ||||||
| Male | 15 (7.2) | 59 (9.8) | 1 | |||
| Female | 193 (92.8) | 543 (90.2) | 0.76 (0.32 to 1.78) | 0.529 | ||
| Age of attending pharmacy staff | ||||||
| 40 years or below | 184 (88.5) | 477 (79.2) | 1 | 1 | ||
| 41 years or above | 24 (11.5) | 125 (20.8) | 2.21 (1.08 to 4.53) | 0.030 | 1.92 (0.90 to 4.09) | 0.090 |
| Visit time | ||||||
| Night | 55 (26.4) | 152 (25.3) | 1 | |||
| Day | 153 (73.6) | 450 (74.7) | 1.07 (0.60 to 1.92) | 0.807 | ||
| Gender of SP | ||||||
| Male | 46 (22.1) | 95 (15.8) | 1 | 1 | ||
| Female | 162 (77.9) | 507 (84.2) | 2.01 (1.12 to 3.60) | 0.018 | 0.98 (0.44 to 2.21) | 0.960 |
| Scenario | ||||||
| Child diarrhoea | 84 (40.4) | 186 (30.9) | 1 | 1 | ||
| UTI | 46 (22.1) | 224 (37.2) | 4.20 (2.29 to 7.70) | <0.001 | 3.41 (1.63 to 7.12) | 0.001 |
| URTI | 78 (37.5) | 192 (31.9) | 1.22 (0.73 to 2.03) | 0.447 | 0.97 (0.50 to 1.86) | 0.926 |
xtlogit.
AB, antibiotics; SP, standardised patient; URTI, upper respiratory tract infection; UTI, urinary tract infection.