Table 4

Factors associated with self-reported trauma or burnout among healthcare providers in Central Java and West Nusa Tenggara, March–April 2022

N (%)OR (95% CI)P valueaOR (95% CI)P value
Gender of HCP
 Male93 (15.4)Reference
 Female511 (84.6)1.03 (0.65 to 1.63)0.89
Age (years)*
 18 to <30114 (18.9)ReferenceReference
 30 to <40295 (48.8)1.52 (0.97 to 2.36)0.071.73 (1.06 to 2.83)0.03
 40 to <50132 (21.9)1.56 (0.93 to 2.62)0.091.73 (0.98 to 3.05)0.06
 50 and older63 (10.4)1.01 (0.54 to 1.87)0.991.47 (0.74 to 2.89)0.27
Current role
 Doctor40 (6.6)Reference
 Nurse186 (30.8)1.23 (0.60 to 2.50)0.57
 Midwife243 (40.2)0.89 (0.45 to 1.77)0.74
 Village midwife135 (22.4)1.28 (0.62 to 2.68)0.51
Years in role
 Between 2 and <588 (14.6)Reference
 <235 (5.8)0.90 (0.40 to 2.01)0.80
 5 or more years481 (79.6)1.10 (0.69 to 1.76)0.70
Involvement in RI or COVID-19 immunisation*†
 Neither RI or COVID-19 immunisation39 (6.5)ReferenceReference
 Just RI95 (15.7)1.68 (0.79 to 3.55)0.182.14 (0.94 to 4.90)0.07
 Just COVID-19 immunisation181 (29.9)2.13 (1.06 to 4.29)0.032.54 (1.08 to 5.94)0.03
 Both RI and COVID-19 immunisation289 (47.9)2.46 (1.25 to 4.83)0.0092.42 (1.06 to 5.52)0.03
Self-efficacy*
 Moderate198 (32.8)ReferenceReference
 High406 (67.2)0.71 (0.50 to 1.02)0.070.83 (0.56 to 1.23)0.35
Perception of increased risk of exposure to COVID-19 in workplace*
 No39 (6.5)ReferenceReference
 Yes565 (93.5)2.20 (1.14 to 4.22)0.021.76 (0.88 to 3.52)0.11
Treated poorly in workplace during COVID-19 pandemic*
 No/Not sure391 (64.7)ReferenceReference
 Yes213 (35.3)2.62 (1.79 to 3.82)<0.0012.26 (1.51 to 3.38)<0.001
Stockouts of COVID-19 vaccines (n=592)*‡
 No/Not sure378 (63.9)ReferenceReference
 Yes214 (36.1)1.69 (1.18 to 2.42)0.011.29 (0.86 to 1.92)0.21
Heard worrying information about COVID-19 vaccine
 No379 (62.7)Reference
 Yes225 (37.3)1.13 (0.80 to 1.59)0.50
Confidence to respond to patient questions about COVID-19 vaccine*
 Very confident382 (63.3)ReferenceReference
 Not at all/A little confident/Moderately222 (36.7)1.36 (0.96 to 1.93)0.091.51 (1.03 to 2.22)0.04
Concerned about getting COVID-19
 Not at all/A little/Moderately concerned373 (61.8)Reference
 Very concerned231 (38.2)1.00 (0.71 to 1.41)0.99
Delivering COVID-19 vaccines has taken away from other priorities*
 Did not deliver COVID-19 vaccine72 (11.9)ReferenceReference
 Not at all/Slightly407 (67.4)1.29 (0.78 to 2.13)0.330.79 (0.39 to 1.59)0.51
 Moderately/Very125 (20.7)2.65 (1.42 to 4.94)0.011.27 (0.56 to 2.91)0.57
Number of service disruptions experienced*
 3 or less299 (49.5)ReferenceReference
 4 or more305 (50.5)1.52 (1.09 to 2.13)0.011.20 (0.82 to 1.75)0.34
Number of vaccination strategies to overcome disruptions experienced*
 3 or less309 (51.2)ReferenceReference
 4 or more295 (48.8)1.59 (1.14 to 2.22)0.011.29 (0.87 to 1.89)0.18
  • *Variable included in multivariable analysis due to bivariate results or known association to outcome.

  • †This variable only looks at routine immunisation and COVID-19 immunisation. Participants may have also been involved in other maternal and child health services (table 1).

  • ‡This variable excludes participants whose place of work did not stock COVID-19 vaccines (n=12).

  • HCP, healthcare provider; RI, routine immunisation.