Table 2

Service disruptions to routine immunisation and maternal and child health services experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic by healthcare providers in Central Java and West Nusa Tenggara, Indonesia, March–April 2022 (n=604)

N (%)
Routine vaccine stockout (n=565)*
 No/Not sure210 (37.2)
 Yes355 (62.8)
Stockouts for routine vaccines (n=355)*†
 IPV227 (63.9)
 DTP-HB-Hib191 (53.8)
 BCG136 (38.3)
 MR131 (36.9)
 HepB39 (11.0)
 PCV61 (17.2)
 OPV36 (10.1)
 Other34 (9.6)
Vaccine stockout for COVID-19 vaccines
 No/Not sure378 (62.6)
 Yes214 (35.4)
 Do not stock12 (2.0)
Formal training in COVID-19 immunisation
 No287 (47.5)
 Yes317 (52.5)
COVID-19 immunisation disrupted other priorities
 Did not deliver COVID-19 immunisation72 (11.9)
 Not at all/Slightly407 (67.4)
 Moderately95 (15.7)
 Very30 (5.0)
Service disruptions experienced by HCP†‡
 Staff providing COVID-19 relief531 (87.9)
 Change in vaccination policies363 (60.1)
 Fewer parents/caregivers attending for other reasons332 (55.0)
 Lockdowns hindering parent/caregiver access211 (34.9)
 Closure of service202 (33.4)
 Insufficient PPE185 (30.6)
 Not enough staff184 (30.5)
 Unavailability/Stockouts of vaccines or injecting equipment at health facility169 (28.0)
 Other23 (3.8)
Strategies to overcome disruptions†
 Community outreach456 (75.5)
 Phone calls to parents/caregivers437 (72.4)
 Task shifting/role delegation387 (64.1)
 Parents/Caregivers seen outdoors from facility358 (59.3)
 Redirection of parents/caregivers to alternative services230 (38.1)
 Government removal of user fees154 (25.5)
 Other (eg, home visits, online consultations)43 (7.1)
  • *Only participants who provided routine immunisation services answered this question.

  • †Multiple response options allowed.

  • ‡100% of respondents reported some type of service disruption.

  • DTP-HB-Hib, diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis, hepatitis B and Haemophilus influenzae type b; HepB, hepatitis B; IPV, inactivated polio vaccine; MR, measles and rubella; OPV, oral polio vaccine; PCV, pneumococcal conjugate vaccine; PPE, personal protective equipment.