Factors associated with self-perception of good health among participants working on informal gold mines in French Guiana (univariate and multivariate analyses)
| Perception of health status | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis* | ||||
| Poor/Medium | Good | P value | OR (95% CI) | P value | OR (95% CI)† | |
| N (%) | N (%) | N=537 | ||||
| Sociodemographic determinants | ||||||
| Sex | ||||||
| Women | 80 (34.0) | 63 (20.7) | 0.001‡ | 1 | 0.002 | 1 |
| Men | 155 (66.0) | 241 (79.3) | 1.9 (1.3 to 2.9) | 1.9 (1.3 to 2.9) | ||
| Age (years) | ||||||
| ≤38 | 100 (42.6) | 177 (58.2) | <0.001 | 1 | 0.003 | 1 |
| >38 | 135 (57.5) | 127 (41.8) | 0.5 (0.4 to 0.7) | 0.6 (0.4 to 0.8) | ||
| Time spent in gold-mining activity (years) | ||||||
| ≤8 | 108 (46.0) | 167 (55.3) | 0.032 | 1 | ||
| >8 | 127 (54.0) | 135 (44.7) | 0.7 (0.5 to 1.0) | |||
| Education | ||||||
| Primary or none | 89 (37.9) | 133 (43.8) | 0.169 | 1 | ||
| Secondary or superior | 146 (62.1) | 171 (56.3) | 0.8 (0.6 to 1.1) | |||
| Income (in number of Brazilian minimum wages) | ||||||
| ≤1 | 49 (20.9) | 44 (14.5) | 0.233 | 1 | ||
| 2–3 | 150 (63.8) | 204 (67.1) | 1.5 (0.9 to 2.4) | |||
| ≥4 | 26 (11.1) | 38 (12.5) | 1.6 (0.8 to 3.1) | |||
| dnk or variable income | 10 (4.3) | 18 (5.9) | 2.0 (0.8 to 4.8) | |||
| Behavioural determinants | ||||||
| Access to drinkable water | ||||||
| No | 229 (97.5) | 279 (91.8) | 0.005 | 1 | 0.005 | 1 |
| Yes | 6 (2.6) | 25 (8.2) | 3.4 (1.4 to 8.5) | 3.9 (1.5 to 10.3) | ||
| Access to latrines | ||||||
| No | 230 (97.9) | 284 (93.4) | 0.015 | 1 | 0.016 | 1 |
| Yes | 5 (2.1) | 20 (6.6) | 3.2 (1.2 to 8.8) | 3.7 (1.3 to 10.5) | ||
| Consumption of piscivorous fish | ||||||
| No | 39 (16.6) | 56 (18.4) | 0.567 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 193 (82.1) | 241 (79.3) | 0.9 (0.6 to 1.4) | |||
| dnk | 3 (1.3) | 7 (2.3) | 0.16 (0.4 to 6.7) | |||
| Contact with mercury (two dnk) | ||||||
| No | 96 (40.9) | 124 (41.1) | 0.961 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 139 (59.2) | 178 (58.9) | 1.0 (0.7 to 1.4) | |||
| Electronic/Mechanical waste left in the forest | ||||||
| Yes | 181 (77.0) | 254 (83.6) | 0.007§ | 1 | ||
| No | 5 (2.1) | 14 (4.6) | 2.0 (0.7 to 5.6) | |||
| dnk | 49 (20.9) | 36 (11.8) | 0.5 (0.3 to 0.8) | |||
| Environmental determinants | ||||||
| Hunting on the gold mines (one dnk) | ||||||
| No | 182 (77.5) | 228 (75.3) | 0.552 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 53 (22.6) | 75 (24.8) | 1.1 (0.7 to 1.7) | |||
| Bushmeat consumption | ||||||
| No | 82 (35.5) | 96 (32.2) | 0.428 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 149 (64.5) | 202 (67.8) | 1.1 (0.8 to 1.6) | |||
| Bite by wild fauna in the past year | ||||||
| Yes | 167 (71.1) | 193 (63.5) | 0.063 | 1 | 0.026 | 1 |
| No | 68 (28.9) | 111 (36.5) | 1.4 (1.0 to 2.0) | 1.6 (1.0 to 2.3) | ||
| Access to healthcare | ||||||
| Accident in the past year on the gold mine | ||||||
| No | 191 (81.3) | 252 (82.9) | 0.875 | 1 | ||
| Yes | 32 (13.6) | 37 (12.2) | 0.9 (0.7 to 1.3) | |||
| dnk or dnwa | 12 (5.1) | 15 (4.9) | 0.9 (0.4 to 2.1) | |||
| Declaring chronic treatment | ||||||
| Yes | 46 (19.6) | 18 (5.9) | <0.001 | 1 | 0.001 | 1 |
| No | 189 (80.4) | 286 (94.1) | 3.9 (2.2 to 6.9) | 2.9 (1.6 to 5.3) | ||
| Distance to health facilities (day) | ||||||
| ≤1 | 144 (61.5) | 192 (63.4) | 0.664 | 1 | ||
| >1 | 90 (38.5) | 111 (36.6) | 0.9 (0.7 to 1.3) | |||
*Goodness-of-fit of the model (Hosmer-Lemeshow)=0.912.
†Adjusted OR after logistic regression.
‡Bold: variables included in the multivariate analysis.
§Not introduce in the final model because significance related to ‘dnk’ answer.
dnk, does not know; dnwa, does not want to answer.