Results of the regression of the share of government spending on PHC (2019 or latest figure)
| Outcome: Government spending on PHC as a share of total government health spending | ||||||
| Predictors | Effect size | 95% CI | P value | Effect size | 95% CI | P value |
| Government health spending as % of government spending in 2018† | −0.59 | (−1.77 to 0.59) | 0.32 | −0.28 | (−1.41 to 0.84) | 0.62 |
| Ln(GDP) per capita in 2018) | 1.86 | (−4.70 to 8.41) | 0.57 | 2.84 | (−4.62 to 10.31) | 0.45 |
| Tax revenue including social contribution as % of GDP (2018)† | 0.02 | (−0.54 to 0.58) | 0.94 | 0.25 | (−0.42 to 0.92) | 0.46 |
| % of working age population (15–65 years)† | 0.12 | (−0.48 to 0.72) | 0.7 | 0.34 | (−0.47 to 1.15) | 0.4 |
| % of >65 years† | −0.09 | (−1.20 to 1.01) | 0.87 | −0.71 | (−2.01 to 0.58) | 0.28 |
| % of urban population† | −0.07 | (−0.29 to 0.14) | 0.51 | −0.16 | (−0.40,0.09) | 0.2 |
| Gini (latest figure) | 0.03 | (−0.17 to 0.23) | 0.76 | −0.21 | (−0.71 to 0.28) | 0.4 |
| Ethnic Fractionalisation Index (0–100) | 0.04 | (−0.12 to 0.20) | 0.59 | |||
| Population density (population per square kilometre area) | 0 | (−0.03 to 0.03) | 0.91 | |||
| Gender Inequality Index (0–100) | 0.08 | (−0.45 to 0.61) | 0.75 | |||
| Social Capital Index (0–100) | −0.37+ | (−0.82 to 0.07) | 0.1 | |||
| Control of corruption | 8.47* | (0.94 to 16.01) | 0.03 | 7.09 | (−5.79 to 19.97) | 0.28 |
| Rule of law | −12.07* | (-22.70 to 1.43) | 0.03 | −6.02 | (−24.21 to 12.18) | 0.51 |
| Regulatory quality | −7.31 | (−18.45 to 3.83) | 0.2 | −10.75 | (−25.26 to 3.75) | 0.14 |
| Government effectiveness | 5.81 | (−6.96 to 18.59) | 0.37 | 8.28 | (−7.64 to 24.20) | 0.3 |
| Political stability and absence of violence/terrorism | −1.19 | (−6.31 to 3.92) | 0.64 | −1.3 | (−7.74 to 5.15) | 0.69 |
| Voice and accountability | 7.37* | (1.50 to 13.24) | 0.01 | 10.7 | (−8.97 to 30.37) | 0.28 |
| POLITY regime measure | −0.01 | (−1.40 to 1.39) | 0.99 | |||
| Government Closeness/Decentralisation Index | 0.43 | (−0.35 to 1.22) | 0.27 | |||
| Liberal Democracy Index | −0.13 | (−0.64 to 0.37) | 0.6 | |||
| Constant | 21.33 | (−24.67 to 67.33) | 0.36 | 29.97 | (−64.52 to 124.46) | 0.53 |
| Number of observations | 102 | 84 | ||||
| R-squared | 0.165 | 0.206 | ||||
*p<0.05, +p<0.1
†All variables in percentages are coded in 0 to 100 number formats to ease their interpretation.
PHC, primary healthcare.