RMC measure | Bangladesh | Ghana | Tanzania | |||||||||
Pre-intervention | Post-intervention | Pre-intervention | Post-intervention | Pre-intervention | Post-intervention | |||||||
Intervention | Control | Intervention | Control | Intervention | Control | Intervention | Control | Intervention | Control | Intervention | Control | |
% | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | % | |
Woman exit interview | N=126 | N=169 | N=111 | N=157 | N=210 | N=171 | N=291 | N=232 | N=86 | N=88 | N=86 | N=100 |
Effective communication | ||||||||||||
HW informed the woman of the findings | 56.4 | 42.6 | 75.0 | 71.2 | 39.2 | 45.1 | 46.6 | 41.4 | 58.8 | 60.2 | 76.7 | 71.0 |
Communication was friendly | 65.9 | 30.8 | 75.0 | 51.3 | 91.9 | 98.3 | 89.4 | 91.7 | 65.9 | 87.5 | 89.6 | 91.0 |
Enabled to ask questions/concerns | 76.2 | 67.1 | 96.4 | 87.8 | 75.7 | 88.9 | 92.1 | 67.8 | 74.1 | 78.4 | 84.7 | 74.4 |
Emotional support | ||||||||||||
HW took woman’s concerns into consideration | 85.5 | 71.9 | 98.2 | 91.0 | 87.1 | 99.4 | 95.5 | 92.6 | 88.1 | 90.7 | 80.2 | 84.0 |
HW was responsive when the woman asked for support | 91.3 | 86.9 | 100.0 | 90.4 | 93.3 | 99.4 | 97.3 | 97.8 | 90.6 | 95.5 | 97.7 | 99.0 |
Respectful and dignified care | ||||||||||||
Privacy was ensured | 86.5 | 59.8 | 96.4 | 76.9 | 89.5 | 98.3 | 94.5 | 95.2 | 71.8 | 94.3 | 97.7 | 96.0 |
The woman felt treated with respect | 90.5 | 89.9 | 100.0 | 96.2 | 94.3 | 99.4 | 97.3 | 96.7 | 94.1 | 100.0 | 98.9 | 100.0 |
Verbal abuse | 8.7 | 4.7 | 0.9 | 5.1 | 9.5 | 2.9 | 3.4 | 4.8 | 7.1 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 1.0 |
Physical abuse | 3.2 | 1.2 | 0 | 3.2 | 3.8 | 0.6 | 1.0 | 3.0 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.0 |
Sexual abuse | 0.8 | 0.6 | 0 | 0 | 1.0 | 0.0 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 0.0 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 1.0 |
Overall satisfaction | ||||||||||||
Very satisfied with the care | 27.0 | 14.2 | 47.6 | 33.6 | 27.3 | 55.6 | 66.9 | 57.8 | 9.4 | 50.0 | 38.4 | 62.0 |
Will come for another delivery | 62.7 | 28.9 | 85.6 | 58.7 | 73.2 | 88.9 | 80.5 | 78.7 | 64.7 | 80.7 | 91.9 | 89.0 |
Would recommend this facility | 94.4 | 97.4 | 99.1 | 93.6 | 92.8 | 97.1 | 95.5 | 97.4 | 88.2 | 94.3 | 100.0 | 97.0 |
Satisfied with the attitude of the health worker(s) | 89.7 | 94.6 | 100.0 | 93.6 | 89.5 | 96.5 | 98.3 | 96.5 | 89.4 | 88.6 | 98.8 | 100.0 |
Satisfied with overall hygiene | 10.3 | 8.3 | 15.3 | 16.6 | 66.9 | 92.1 | 91.9 | 94.6 | 10.6 | 46.6 | 25.6 | 52.0 |
External nonparticipant observation | N=167 | N=221 | N=189 | N=271 | N=76 | N=58 | N=154 | N=129 | N=65 | N=55 | N=68 | N=59 |
Effective communication | ||||||||||||
HW informs the woman of findings | 52.7 | 46.7 | 94.5 | 77.9 | 69.7 | 75.4 | 96.7 | 94.6 | 67.7 | 54.5 | 77.6 | 74.1 |
HW informs the delivery plan | 86.3 | 60.4 | 61.8 | 69.6 | 52.6 | 66.1 | 96.1 | 83.1 | 83.1 | 58.2 | 70.7 | 67.2 |
Courteous communication between HW and the woman | 56.9 | 65.4 | 66.3 | 58.3 | 92.1 | 85.7 | 99.2 | 92.4 | 92.3 | 87.5 | 98.3 | 91.4 |
Emotional support | ||||||||||||
HW is caring and supportive when the woman is in pain | 59.3 | 42.8 | 59.0 | 47.8 | 84.0 | 78.6 | 89.5 | 88.4 | 89.2 | 67.3 | 94.3 | 90.6 |
HW refuses a request made (if requested) | 0.9 | 6.0 | 0 | 8.7 | 4.0 | 1.2 | 2.3 | 0 | 2.7 | 8.8 | 8.0 | 4.2 |
Respectful and dignified care | ||||||||||||
Privacy was ensured during the initial examination | 43.1 | 29.3 | 60.7 | 38.2 | 10.5 | 35.1 | 55.8 | 70.8 | 81.5 | 83.6 | 87.9 | 77.6 |
Privacy ensured during labour | 38.5 | 36.1 | 49.7 | 29.5 | 14.7 | 23.2 | 54.9 | 70.5 | 75.4 | 85.5 | 84.9 | 86.8 |
Privacy ensured during delivery | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0 | 2.6 | 28.4 | 47.3 | 68.7 | 92.9 | 93.6 | 90.2 | 93.9 | 88.1 |
Denominators vary for each measure because the same sections were not observed in all women, as some women were admitted due to complications, needed caesarean section, or were admitted in the second stage of labour.
HW, health worker; RMC, respectful maternity care.