Income inequality and HIV/AIDS outcomes
| HIV incidence model | AIDS mortality model | |||||
| Global sample | Excluding Africa | Only Africa | Global sample | Excluding Africa | Only Africa | |
| Gini index | 6.31*** (0.384) | 4.70*** (0.464) | 8.48*** (0.715) | 7.62*** (0.462) | 8.33*** (0.604) | 6.13*** (0.759) |
| Covariates | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| UNAIDS regions and year fixed effects | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes |
| Observations (n) | 3183 | 2211 | 972 | 3283 | 2211 | 972 |
| HIV incidence (t+1) and AIDS mortality (t+1) response to 25% reduction in Gini index | 0.14*** [0.007] | 0.29*** [0.005] | 2.11*** [0.048] | 6.58*** [0.341] | 17.39*** [0.174] | 11.45*** [3.191] |
Dependent variables were the natural logarithm of HIV incidence rate per 1000 people at time t+1 and the natural logarithm of AIDS mortality rate per 100 000 at time t+1.
Analytical SEs in parenthesis (); bootstrapped SEs using 500 replications in square brackets []; ***p<0.01.
Covariates include current health expenditure per capita and World Bank income categories (low, lower middle, upper middle and upper income countries); UNAIDS regions included East and Southern Africa, West and Central Africa, Asia and Pacific, Eastern Europe and Central Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean, North Africa and the Middle East, West and Central Europe and North America.