Vaccine impact on AMR burden by vaccine profile
| Pathogen | Disease presentation | Vaccine avertable deaths (median and 95% UI) | Vaccine avertable DALYs (median and 95% UI) | ||
| Associated with resistance | Attributable to resistance | Associated with resistance | Attributable to resistance | ||
| (A) Baseline scenario | |||||
| Acinetobacter baumannii—BSI | BSI | 18 060 (13 305–25 668) | 5 723 (4 142–8 442) | 504 850 (411 310–667 559) | 159 560 (123 642–211 247) |
| A. baumannii—all | All (bacterial skin infections, BSI, cardiac infections, LRI and thorax infections, UTI) | 34 327 (28 241–43 094) | 10 799 (8 651–14 129) | 1 023 981 (875 469–1 219 073) | 317 946 (268 359–382 502) |
| Enterococcus faecium | All (bone and joint infections, BSI, cardiac infections, intra-abdominal infections, UTI) | 13 933 (12 268–16 025) | 3 641 (3 094–4 469) | 414 380 (363 986–472 183) | 105 353 (91 731–121 159) |
| Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli | Diarrhoea | 2 779 (2 043–4 136) | 784 (545–1 094) | 257 376 (181 122–366 874) | 69 078 (49 462–97 560) |
| Extraintestinal Pathogenic Escherichia coli (ExPEC)—BSI | BSI | 15 316 (11 794–19 992) | 3 938 (3 060–5 348) | 348 547 (284 583–452 346) | 89 166 (72 750–112 609) |
| ExPEC—UTI | UTI | 6 727 (5 659–7 934) | 1 787 (1 469–2 172) | 140 036 (123 597–158 719) | 37 240 (31 367–43 345) |
| E. coli—non-diarrheagenic | All (bacterial skin infections, bone and joint infections, BSI, cardiac infections, CNS infections, intra-abdominal infections, LRI and thorax infections and UTI) | 62 424 (56 454–68 555) | 16 405 (15 090–18 344) | 2 342 931 (2 112 939–2 596 506) | 619 287 (558 392–687 012) |
| Group A Streptococcus | All (bacterial skin infections, bone and joint infections, BSI, cardiac infections) | 792 (643–998) | 82 (55–130) | 69 213 (55 881–87 845) | 6 183 (3 872–11 337) |
| Haemophilus influenzae type B | All (CNS infections, LRI and thorax infections) | 13 027 (11 058–15 180) | 2 946 (2 412–3 622) | 1 127 552 (961 297–1 347 824) | 251 515 (199 906–311 346) |
| Klebsiella pneumoniae—BSI | BSI | 27 333 (22 045–34 905) | 8 116 (6 508–10 273) | 2 434 932 (1 996 554–3 060 924) | 714 363 (584 958–887 553) |
| K. pneumoniae—all | All (bacterial skin infections, bone and joint infections, BSI, cardiac infections, CNS infections, Intra-abdominal infections, LRI and thorax infections, UTI) | 64 484 (58 747–72 028) | 19 397 (16 971–21 761) | 3 685 059 (3 274 095–4 127 836) | 1 080 967 (954 038–1 225 072) |
| Mycobacterium tuberculosis—M72 | Tuberculosis | 70 704 (64 053–77 951) | 31 040 (26 956–37 850) | 2 567 640 (2 320 786–2 833 586) | 1 047 910 (908 019–1 230 409) |
| M. tuberculosis—improved | Tuberculosis | 118 316 (107 061–130 567) | 51 675 (45 223–61 401) | 4 542 790 (4 143 045–5 022 950) | 1 860 715 (1 621 063–2 160 554) |
| Neisseria gonorrhoeae | gonorrhoea | not applicable | not applicable | 8 917 (6 929–11 667) | 459 (341–596) |
| Non-typhoidal Salmonella | All (BSI, cardiac infections, diarrhoea, typhoid, paratyphoid, and iNTS) | 1 820 (1 412–2 624) | 396 (290–618) | 178 321 (133 842–253 309) | 34 794 (24 808–52 983) |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | BSI, LRI and thorax infections | 20 700 (18 148–23 443) | 5 314 (4 633–6 081) | 990 137 (859 997–1 120 193) | 254 648 (222 548–295 151) |
| Salmonella paratyphi | Typhoid, paratyphoid and iNTS | 1 463 (853–2 793) | 301 (149–637) | 127 891 (74 564–224 337) | 25 868 (14 388–57 005) |
| Salmonella typhi | All (BSI, cardiac infections, typhoid, paratyphoid and iNTS) | 34 478 (26 029–44 037) | 6 630 (5 022–8 959) | 2 799 895 (2 192 814–3 598 222) | 534 312 (402 760–772 211) |
| Shigella | All (diarrhoea) | 4 133 (2 765–6 132) | 860 (545–1 557) | 369 238 (242 138–552 960) | 76 229 (48 803–136 638) |
| Staphylococcus aureus | All (bacterial skin infections, bone and joint infections, BSI, cardiac infections, CNS infections, intra-abdominal infections, LRI and thorax infections, UTI) | 56 141 (50 768–62 454) | 13 322 (11 924–15 169) | 2 544 277 (2 287 576–2 854 546) | 601 157 (529 162–697 354) |
| Streptococcus pneumoniae | BSI, CNS infections, cardiac infections, LRI | 58 922 (50 170–69 048) | 12 179 (10 178–14 772) | 5 138 513 (4 453 672–5 943 041) | 1 069 634 (892 728–1 256 886) |
| S. pneumoniae—improved | BSI, CNS infections, cardiac infections, LRI | 98 987 (86 231–115 406) | 20 415 (17 330–24 803) | 8 606 730 (7 457 713–9 953 947) | 1 781 930 (1 511 883–2 089 464) |
| (B) High-potential scenario | |||||
| Acinetobacter baumannii—BSI | BSI | 116 141 (105 342–128 342) | 36 641 (33 081–41 272) | 3 463 881 (3 167 174–3 769 823) | 1 081 836 (992 261–1 201 335) |
| A. baumannii—all | All (bacterial skin infections, BSI, cardiac infections, LRI and thorax infections, UTI) | 216 584 (201 748–231 987) | 67 905 (63 384–73 535) | 6 018 518 (5 653 363–6 337 590) | 1 854 005 (1 728 332–1 985 653) |
| Enterococcus faecium | All (bone and joint infections, BSI, cardiac infections, intra-abdominal infections, UTI) | 100 814 (95 339–105 798) | 26 342 (24 611–28 209) | 2 727 684 (2 594 918–2 873 565) | 699 956 (657 337–742 297) |
| ExPEC—BSI | BSI | 103 016 (93 650–114 889) | 26 551 (24 078–29 292) | 2 664 329 (2 471 634–2 888 329) | 698 896 (646 274–764 365) |
| ExPEC—UTI | UTI | 49 669 (46 732–52 824) | 13 003 (12 189–13 885) | 1 079 376 (1 029 529–1 140 334) | 287 866 (271 982–306 681) |
| E. coli—non-diarrhogenic | Bacterial skin infections, bone and joint infections, BSI, cardiac infections, CNS infections, intra-abdominal infections, LRI and thorax infections and UTI | 389 043 (373 393–404 859) | 102 352 (97 917–106 919) | 12 648 212 (12 044 182–13 489 274) | 3 375 286 (3 163 077–3 641 542) |
| Klebsiella pneumoniae—all | All (bacterial skin infections, Bone and joint infections, BSI, cardiac infections, CNS infections, intra-abdominal infections, LRI and thorax infections, UTI) | 321 242 (308 878–335 698) | 97 026 (92 013–102 088) | 13 709 546 (12 834 241–14 723 484) | 4 068 201 (3 801 569–4 425 285) |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | BSI, LRI and thorax infections | 118 966 (113 054–125 950) | 30 495 (28 728–32 634) | 4 821 442 (4 495 854–5 257 746) | 1 237 497 (1 149 086–1 347 794) |
| Staphylococcus aureus | All (bacterial skin infections, bone and joint infections, BSI, cardiac infections, CNS infections, intra-abdominal infections, LRI and thorax infections, UTI) | 319 112 (307 397–331 431) | 76 796 (73 583–80 782) | 10 579 419 (10 085 244–11 164 417) | 2 499 704 (2 357 371–2 664 681) |
| S. pneumoniae | BSI, CNS infections, cardiac infections, LRI | 71 343 (62 610–81 314) | 14 728 (12 661–17 487) | 5 324 115 (4 648 050–6 118 739) | 1 107 245 (930 760–1 296 970) |
| S. pneumoniae—improved | BSI, CNS infections, cardiac infections, LRI | 118 645 (103 983–135 056) | 24 471 (20 943–28 957) | 8 980 361 (7 882 947–10 255 670) | 1 848 190 (1 559 623–2 190 715) |
The estimates (median and 95% UI) of the vaccine avertable deaths and DALYs attributable to and associated with bacterial AMR in 2019 were aggregated by vaccine profile for the baseline (A) and high-potential (B) scenarios.
AMR, antimicrobial resistance; bacterial skin infections, bacterial infections of the skin and subcutaneous systems; Bone and joint infections, infections of bones, joints, and related organs; BSI, bloodstream infections; cardiac infections, endocarditis and other cardiac infections; CNS, central nervous system; CNS infections, meningitis and other bacterial central nervous system infections; DALYs, disability-adjusted life-years; intra-abdominal infections, peritoneal and intra-abdominal infections; LRI, lower respiratory infection; LRI and thorax infections, lower respiratory infections and all related infections in the thorax; typhoid, paratyphoid, and iNTS, typhoid fever, paratyphoid fever, and invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella spp; UI, uncertainty interval; UTI, urinary tract infections and pyelonephritis.