Median age (IQR) | 39 years (32–49) |
Sex |
Female | 29 (73%) |
Male | 11 (28%) |
Gender |
Woman | 25 (63%) |
Man | 11 (28%) |
Non-Binary | 2 (5%) |
Other: ‘gender non-conforming’ | 2 (5%) |
Race/ethnicity |
White | 29 (73%) |
Asian, South Asian or South East Asian | 4 (11%) |
Black, Caribbean, African or African American | 3 (8%) |
Mixed | 3 (8%) |
First Nations, Native American or Indigenous | 1 (3%) |
Sexual orientation/sexuality |
Straight or heterosexual | 30 (75%) |
Pansexual or queer | 4 (10%) |
Gay or lesbian | 3 (8%) |
Bisexual | 3 (8%) |
Relationship status |
Single (never married; never registered in civil partnership) | 19 (48%) |
Married | 17 (43%) |
Separated but still legally married or divorced | 3 (8%) |
In a registered civil partnership | 1 (3%) |
Employment status since living with Long COVID |
Unable to work/on leave of absence due to Long COVID | 20 (50%) |
Lost job or now unemployed due to Long COVID | 6 (15%) |
Reduced work hours due to Long COVID | 5 (13%) |
Unchanged employment status | 5 (13%) |
Changed employment role or job due to Long COVID | 4 (10%) |
Live alone | 5 (13%) |
Have children | 18 (45%) |
Highest level of education |
Completed university or college | 19 (48%) |
Postgraduate education | 17 (43%) |
Completed secondary/high school | 3 (8%) |
Completed trade or technical training | 1 (3%) |
Self-reported concurrent health conditions and symptoms experienced living with Long COVID that were experienced prior to COVID-19 (>20% of sample) |
Mental health condition | 15 (38%) |
Headache | 10 (25%) |
Sleep difficulties (insomnia) | 10 (25%) |
Tested for COVID-19 and received a positive test result |
Yes—Positive Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) test | 20 (50%) |
No— tested and results were negative (eg, COVID-19 not detected) | 8 (20%) |
No— not tested | 6 (15%) |
Yes—Positive antibody test | 4 (10%) |
Yes—Positive antigen test | 2 (5%) |
Living with Long COVID ≥1 year | 33 (83%) |
Vaccination status at time of interview |
Fully vaccinated with a booster dose | 31 (78%) |
Fully vaccinated without a booster | 5 (13%) |
Partially vaccinated | 3 (7%) |
Not vaccinated | 1 (3%) |
Experienced relapse in Long COVID symptoms | 34 (85%) |