Country fixed effects regression models
| Outcome variable: log of non-PHC expenditures (composition of THC by non-primary health care, per capita in US$) | Model (1) | Model (2) | Model (3) | Model (4) |
| PHC as a share of THC expenditure (%), PHC | –0.0246*** [0.00349] | –0.0270*** [0.00625] | –0.0268*** [0.00612] | –0.0327* [0.0195] |
| Population aged 60 and above (% of total population), pop_60 | 0.103*** [0.0184] | 0.0911*** [0.0307] | 0.0906*** [0.0306] | 0.0961*** [0.0302] |
| PHC (as a share of THC expenditure, %) * (Pop_60) | 0.000316 [0.000573] | 0.000300 [0.000567] | 0.000177 [0.000623] | |
| Noncommunicable disease (NCD) burden as a share of total disease burden (%) among population aged 60 and above (NCD60) | 0.0112 [0.0161] | 0.00586 [0.0219] | ||
| PHC * NCD60 | 8.67E-05 [0.000252] | |||
| GDP per capita | 1.25e-05*** [3.46e-06] | 1.27e-05*** [3.47e-06] | 1.27e-05*** [3.48e-06] | 1.26e-05*** [3.41e-06] |
| Constant | 4.715*** [0.277] | 4.798*** [0.363] | 3.866*** [1.355] | 4.255** [1.804] |
| Number of observations | 370 | 370 | 370 | 370 |
| R2 | 0.537 | 0.538 | 0.54 | 0.54 |
| Number of countries | 107 | 107 | 107 | 107 |
Robust standard errors in brackets.
*** p<0.01, ** p<0.05, * p<0.1.
GDP, gross domestic product; PHC, primary healthcare; THC, total healthcare.