Implementation outcomes of the included studies
| Intervention name | Implementation outcome | Findings |
| HPTN 08227 36 | Adoption | 95% initiation rate |
| Sustainability | 20.9% continuity rate at 6 months (overall); I—20.1%; C—21.7%; adjusted OR 0.92, 95% CI 0.55 to 1.34, p=0.76 | |
| POWER Cohort study37 38 | Adoption | 94% initiation rate |
| Sustainability* | 20% continuity rate at 6 months. 14% restarted PrEP | |
| Feasibility | Private youth-friendly clinics were a better fit than family planning clinics for PrEP | |
| Penetration | Adoption by non-study staff was low because PrEP was perceived to be outside their work | |
| DREAMS39 40 | Adoption | PrEP initiation; I—28.1%; C—0.6%; Adjusted OR 63.82, 95% CI 19.78 to 205.90; p<0.001 |
| DREAMS41 | Adoption | 0% initiation rate. PrEP awareness increased from 2% in 2017 to 9% in 2018. |
| MPYA Trial42 43 | Sustainability* | 26.8% adherence rate at 24 months (overall); with SMS reminders—27.0%; without SMS reminders—26.7%; adjusted IR 1.16, 95% CI 0.93 to 1.45, p=0.19 |
| 3Ps for Prevention Study44 45 | Adoption | 56.4% were ‘definitely interested’ in taking PrEP after watching the PrEP social marketing campaign video |
| Sustainability* | 56% in incentive group and 41% in control group had TFV-DP levels≥700 fmol/punch at month 3; RR 1.35;95% CI 0.98 to 0.067, p=0.067 |
*Sustainability was defined as continuation or commitment to PrEP use whether measured objectively (eg, detectable Tenofovir-Diphosphate TFV-DP levels >700 fmol/punch) or via a proxy (eg, retention in care or refill after 1 month).
C, control; DREAM, Determined, Resilient, Empowered, AIDS-free, Mentored and Safe; HPTN, HIV Prevention Trials Network; I, Intervention; IR, Incidence Ratio; MPYA, Monitoring Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis for Young Adult Women (MPYA); OR, Odds Ratio; POWER, The Prevention Options for Women Evaluation Research; RR, relative risk.