Variable | Mean no of morbidities (SD) | Prevalence of any types of multimorbidity (%, 95% CI) | Prevalence of coexisting physical–mental multimorbidity (%, 95% CI) | The prevalence of complex multimorbidity among those with chronic disease (%, 95% CI) |
All individuals | 1.51 (1.38) | 42.2 (40.1 to 44.5) | 8.2 (7.2 to 9.3) | 20.9 (19.4 to 22.5) |
Sex | ||||
Male | 1.48 (1.43) | 41.3 (38.7 to 43.9) | 8.3 (7.1 to 9.8) | 21.4 (19.3 to 23.6) |
Female | 1.53 (1.34) | 43.1 (40.6 to 45.6) | 8.1 (6.8 to 9.5) | 20.6 (18.9 to 22.4) |
Age (years) | ||||
45–54 | 1.13 (1.18) | 31.4 (28.7 to 34.4) | 7.2 (5.8 to 8.9) | 12.5 (10.5 to 14.7) |
55–64 | 1.45 (1.36) | 39.9 (37.4 to 42.4) | 7.4 (6.2 to 8.9) | 19.3 (17.3 to 21.5) |
65–74 | 1.80 (1.45) | 51.3 (46.8 to 55.7) | 9.3 (7.6 to 11.4) | 26.0 (22.5 to 29.9) |
75+ | 2.00 (1.48) | 57.3 (52.1 to 62.2) | 10.7 (8.3 to 13.7) | 30.6 (26.4 to 35.1) |
Education level | ||||
Primary or less | 1.53 (1.40) | 43.1 (40.8 to 45.3) | 8.5 (7.3 to 9.9) | 21.1 (19.3 to 23.0) |
Secondary | 1.45 (1.36) | 39.3 (35.5 to 43.3) | 7.5 (5.8 to 9.6) | 21.8 (18.3 to 25.7) |
Tertiary or higher | 1.46 (1.25) | 41.3 (33.5 to 49.6) | 6.1 (4.0 to 9.1) | 17.0 (12.6 to 22.5) |
Residence | ||||
Urban | 1.50 (1.45) | 41.9 (39.8 to 44.0) | 8.8 (7.6 to 10.0) | 20.4 (18.8 to 22.1) |
Rural | 1.54 (1.20) | 43.2 (37.5 to 49.1) | 6.7 (4.9 to 9.1) | 22.2 (18.7 to 26.3) |
Marital status | ||||
Currently married | 1.43 (1.36) | 39.9 (37.7 to 42.2) | 7.1 (6.1 to 8.3) | 19.6 (17.8 to 21.5) |
Not married | 1.77 (1.41) | 49.7 (46.1 to 53.3) | 11.6 (9.8 to 13.7) | 24.5 (21.9 to 27.2) |
Caste | ||||
Schedule | 1.48 (1.36) | 41.5 (39.4 to 43.7) | 7.7 (6.6 to 9.0) | 20.8 (18.9 to 22.8) |
None | 1.60 (1.57) | 45.4 (40.0 to 50.9) | 10.8 (8.1 to 14.3) | 22.7 (18.7 to 27.2) |
Other | 1.54 (1.28) | 42.7 (37.9 to 47.6) | 8.1 (6.2 to 10.5) | 20.0 (16.7 to 23.7) |
Religion | ||||
Hinduism | 1.48 (1.35) | 41.5 (39.2 to 43.8) | 8.1 (7.1 to 9.4) | 20.4 (18.8 to 22.2) |
Islam | 1.63 (1.49) | 45.5 (40.8 to 50.3) | 8.3 (5.9 to 11.4) | 23.3 (19.7 to 27.3) |
Other | 1.82 (1.70) | 50.8 (43.9 to 57.6) | 8.5 (5.1 to 14.0) | 24.9 (19.0 to 32.0) |
Health insurance | ||||
Yes | 1.56 (1.44) | 43.9 (39.5 to 48.3) | 6.2 (4.7 to 8.3) | 21.8 (18.3 to 25.8) |
No | 1.50 (1.37) | 42.1 (39.8 to 44.4) | 8.4 (7.3 to 9.6) | 20.8 (19.2 to 22.5) |
Economic status | ||||
First quintile (lowest) | 1.45 (1.31) | 41.1 (36.8 to 45.6) | 9.7 (7.5 to 12.4) | 18.8 (15.4 to 22.7) |
Second quintile | 1.51 (1.39) | 42.7 (39.2 to 46.3) | 9.7 (7.7 to 12.1) | 20.0 (17.0 to 23.4) |
Third quintile | 1.42 (1.36) | 38.9 (35.1 to 42.8) | 7.5 (5.9 to 9.4) | 19.8 (17.0 to 23.0) |
Fourth quintile | 1.53 (1.36) | 42.1 (38.4 to 45.8) | 7.5 (5.5 to 10.0) | 22.0 (19.1 to 25.3) |
Fifth quintile (highest) | 1.61 (1.47) | 45.7 (42.2 to 49.3) | 6.9 (5.3 to 8.9) | 23.3 (20.4 to 26.6) |
States | ||||
Assam | 1.54 (2.00) | 42.3 (37.5 to 48.7) | 5.5 (3.7 to 8.3) | 22.4 (18.5 to 27.0) |
Karnataka | 1.61 (1.39) | 45.4 (42.0 to 48.9) | 9.9 (7.5 to 13.0) | 24.5 (21.7 to 27.5) |
Maharashtra | 1.57 (1.30) | 44.2 (39.7 to 48.8) | 6.1 (4.6 to 8.0) | 23.9 (20.5 to 27.7) |
Rajasthan | 1.60 (1.80) | 45.8 (42.4 to 49.2) | 9.7 (7.8 to 12.1) | 21.4 (17.9 to 25.4) |
Utter Pradesh | 1.32 (1.07) | 35.3 (30.9 to 39.8) | 8.3 (6.1 to 11.3) | 17.1 (14.2 to 20.6) |
West Bengal | 1.63 (1.42) | 47.6 (44.5 to 50.8) | 8.9 (7.2 to 11.0) | 20.7 (18.3 to 23.3) |
No of LTCs | ||||
0 | – | – | – | – |
1 | – | – | – | – |
2 | – | – | 12.2 (10.0 to 14.7) | – |
3 | – | – | 19.3 (16.3 to 22.8) | 53.6 (49.1 to 58.1) |
4+ | – | – | 35.1 (31.0 to 39.5) | 94.5 (92.2 to 96.1) |
All estimates are adjusted for sample weight. Multimorbidity defined as having at least two chronic conditions. Physical–mental multimorbidity defined as having both physical and mental chronic conditions. Complex multimorbidity defined as having at least three chronic conditions affecting at least three different body systems.
LTC, long-term conditions.