Country income group | Direct medical costs (billions) | Direct non-medical costs (billions) | Total direct costs (billions) | Absentee-ism costs (billions) | Presentee-ism costs (billions) | Premature mortality costs (billions) | Total indirect costs (billions) | Total costs (billions) | Total costs per capita | Total costs as per cent of GDP | Total costs (billions)* | Total costs as per cent of GDP* |
Low | 0.46 | 0.05 | 0.51 | 0.57 | 0.88 | 1.23 | 2.68 | 3.19 | 6.15 | 0.87% | 6.28 | 1.71 |
Lower middle | 9.03 | 0.24 | 9.27 | 4.81 | 13.06 | 53.96 | 71.84 | 81.10 | 27.94 | 1.26% | 160.56 | 2.50 |
Upper middle | 76.73 | 0.51 | 77.24 | 26.61 | 73.17 | 289.07 | 388.85 | 466.09 | 163.38 | 1.86% | 776.65 | 3.10 |
High | 507.52 | 0.19 | 507.72 | 91.68 | 186.05 | 542.91 | 820.64 | 1328.36 | 1109.90 | 2.46% | 1545.52 | 2.86 |
*with GDP multipliers.
GDP, gross domestic product.