Table 1

Sample characteristics for women and men’s surveys in four district of Madhya Pradesh

	Women’s baseline survey (n=5095)				Men’s survey (n=3842)
	Intervention		Control		Intervention		Control
	n	%	n	%	n	%	n	%
Overall	2695	53	2400	47	2033	53	1809	47
Gestational age at time of enrolment
<20 weeks	575	21	515	21	447	22	392	22
20–28 weeks	1352	50	1205	50	1011	50	898	50
28–34 weeks	768	28	680	28	575	28	519	29
Age at time of enrolment in years
18–24	1553	58	1422	59	322	16	314	17
25–34	1070	40	953	40	1435	71	1269	70
35+	72	3	25	1	276	14	226	12
Literacy: able to read sentence	1507	56	1373	57	1502	74	1377	76
Education
No schooling	311	12	249	10	86	4	71	4
Primary school completed	457	17	407	17	346	17	290	16
Secondary school completed	1700	63	1526	64	1308	64	1160	64
Greater than secondary school	227	8	218	9	293	14	288	16
Employed	1038	39	883	37	2020	99	1796	99
Socioeconomic status
Poorest	542	20	477	20	345	17	279	15
Poorer	564	21	455	19	396	19	316	17
Middle	514	19	505	21	391	19	392	22
Richer	530	20	489	20	431	21	400	22
Richest	545	20	474	20	470	23	422	23
District
Rewa	1523	57	1397	58	970	48	880	49
Mandsaur	430	16	391	16	382	19	361	20
Rajgarh	510	19	438	18	473	23	407	22
Hoshangabad	232	9	174	7	208	10	161	9
Parity: had previous child	1587	59	1414	59	1198	59	1064	59
Ethnicity/caste
General caste	595	22	538	22	398	20	363	20
OBC	1258	47	1128	47	982	48	932	52
Scheduled caste	540	20	461	19	441	22	322	18
Scheduled tribe	302	11	273	11	212	10	192	11
Any male children	1678	62	1536	64	–	–	–	–
Baseline ever use modern contraceptive methods	634	24	627	26	–	–	–	–
Phone ownership, characteristics
Own phone	2014	75	1846	77	1924	95	1718	95
Type of phone: smart phone	591	22	547	23	1041	51	968	54
Shared phone*	1317	49	1097	46	1636	80	1473	81
Phone functions†	1480	55	1285	54	1446	71	1274	70
Mean hours per day phone in possession	18	18	18	18	20	20	20	20
Credit on phone (mean)	11	11	11	11	–	–	–	–
Digital use
Store contacts on phone	2197	82	1980	83	1734	85	1542	85
Able to navigate IVR prompts	2288	85	2056	86	1939	95	1713	95
Able to open and read SMS	801	30	728	30	1231	61	1143	63
Give a missed call	1900	71	1687	70	1685	83	1487	82

*Includes phone sharing among phone owners.
†Phone holds charge, screen not cracked, key pad functional.
OBC, other backward castes.