Table 3

Delivery, essential newborn care, WASH and immunisation practices in four districts of Madhya Pradesh

DescriptionWomen’s endline survey (n=4423)
Prevalence across study armsIntention to treatPrevalence across exposed versus not exposed groupsInstrumental variable
Int.ControlDiff.RR95% CIP valueExposedNot exposedDiff.CATE95% CIP value
Facility delivery
Gave birth in a facility94.493.40.941.011.00 to 1.030.1796.593.62.91.050.98 to 1.130.17
Gave birth with a skilled attendant95.094.40.661.010.99 to 1.020.3098.394.34.01.040.96 to 1.120.31
Stayed in the facility for 2 days after giving birth86.885.61.211.020.99 to 1.040.1987.186.11.01.190.95 to 1.480.12
Essential newborn care (children n=4460)
Hypothermia prevention
Wrapped child after birth93.794.5(0.76)1.001.00 to 1.010.4399.398.90.31.010.99 to 1.020.43
Waited 2 days or more till bathing their child80.781.7(1.01)0.990.96 to 1.020.4183.380.62.70.970.91 to 1.040.40
Umbilical cord care: nothing on child’s umbilical cord15.915.80.181.020.89 to 1.170.7614.716.2−1.51.060.73 to 1.530.78
Colostrum: fed their child colostrum84.684.20.421.010.98 to 1.030.5686.483.72.71.020.96 to 1.070.57
WASH
Washed hands before feeding child last time83.081.21.811.031.00 to 1.050.07985.981.64.31.110.98 to 1.250.089
Phone numbers
Kept phone numbers handy for emergencies98.698.10.481.011.00 to 1.010.2198.798.30.41.030.98 to 1.080.24
Kept FLHW number handy in case of emergency92.492.00.471.000.99 to 1.020.6294.891.92.91.020.94 to 1.110.60
Kept government ambulance number handy in case of emergency61.660.51.091.030.98 to 1.080.3067.960.47.51.150.87 to 1.520.33
Immunisations
Child fully immunised at 12 months41.740.51.221.020.95 to 1.100.5344.740.64.21.090.84 to 1.410.54
Birth immunisations79.078.40.611.010.98 to 1.040.7081.078.32.71.020.92 to 1.130.70
6 weeks: OPV1/IPV1 and Penta 189.589.40.081.000.98 to 1.020.8889.689.40.21.000.95 to 1.050.88
10 weeks: OPV2/IPV2 and Penta 274.872.02.811.041.00 to 1.070.04875.473.02.41.101.00 to 1.220.057
14 weeks: OPV3/IPV3 and Penta 372.169.92.131.030.99 to 1.070.1773.470.62.81.090.96 to 1.240.18
9 months: measles81.583.0(1.47)0.980.96 to 1.010.2484.682.02.70.920.81 to 1.050.22
Vitamin A: 1 or more78.979.0(0.07)1.000.97 to 1.031.0080.578.71.71.110.89 to 1.390.37
Timeliness of immunisations among those who had a vaccination card (n=3799)
Birth: 0–2 weeks75.977.2(1.34)0.980.95 to 1.020.3077.876.21.61.010.87 to 1.160.93
6 weeks: 6–10 weeks52.954.7(1.79)0.960.91 to 1.020.1654.753.41.20.950.82 to 1.100.49
10 weeks: 10–14 weeks27.828.6(0.73)0.960.87 to 1.060.4729.227.91.30.970.75 to 1.250.80
14 weeks: 14–18 weeks16.715.70.961.030.90 to 1.190.6620.015.54.51.180.77 to 1.830.45
9 months: 39 weeks40.042.0(2.01)0.960.89 to 1.030.2343.440.72.70.870.62 to 1.210.41
  • CATE, compliance adjusted treatment effects; Diff, difference; FLHW, frontline health worker; Int., intervention; IPV, inactivated polio vaccine; OPV, oral polio vaccine; Penta, pentavalent; RR, relative risk; WASH, water sanitation hygiene.