Areas of medical civil–military cooperation per EMC phase
| EMC phase | Areas of cooperation |
| Prevention | Research and development (8×)1 7 19 21 23 24 26 27 Field campaigns (4×)19 22 25 28 |
| Preparedness | Preparedness plans (4×)31 36 38 39 Capacity building (7×)1 19 20 29 33–35 Exercise/simulation (2×)30 32 |
| Readiness | Surveillance/laboratorial activities (17×)7 20 40 41 43–55 Major incident hospital (1×)42 |
| Response | Supporting the civil healthcare system (19×)1 2 7 19 56–67 70–72 |
| Recovery | No area of cooperation described |
EMC, emergency management cycle.