Multivariate analyses to determine relationship between baseline or clinical characteristics and risk of COVID-19 and adverse outcomes in residents of congregate living facilities in India between 1 January and 31 July 2021
| Characteristics of residents | Residents detected with SARS-CoV-2 infection (n/N, %) | Risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection | Risk of unfavourable COVID-19 outcomes* | ||
| †aHR (95% CI) | P value | †HR (95% CI) | P value | ||
| Median age (IQR) | 18 (13–31) | 0.98 (0.97 to 0.99) | 0.002 | 1.04 (1.01 to 1.06) | 0.006 |
| Male Female | 125/914 (13.7%) 34/200 (17.0) | 0.75 (0.50 to 1.11) Reference | 0.148 | 2.62 (0.73 to 9.50) Reference | 0.141 |
| Type of living facility | |||||
| Old age homes Monasteries Other facilities‡ | 21/183 (11.5%) 79/636 (12.4%) 59/295 (20.0%) | Reference 0.81 (0.48 to 1.33) 1.71 (1.11 to 2.65) | 0.421 0.016 | Reference 2.51 (0.73 to 8.53) 9.33 (3.31 to 26.30) | 0.691 <0.001 |
| Past tuberculosis No past tuberculosis | 16/123 (13.0%) 143/991 (14.4%) | 1.62 (1.004 to 2.61) Reference | 0.047 | 1.30 (0.49 to 3.44) Reference | <0.599 |
| CVD No CVD | 6/115 (5.3%) 153/999 (15.3%) | 1.27 (0.49 to 3.26) Reference | 0.624 | 2.17 (0.56 to 8.39) Reference | 0.261 |
| Diabetes mellitus No diabetes mellitus | 1/36 (2.8%) 158/1078 (14.7%) | 0.38 (0.05 to 2.81) Reference | 0.350 | 1.10 (0.28 to 4.36) Reference | 0.889 |
| COPD No COPD | 6/18 (33.3%) 153/1096 (14.0%) | 3.12 (1.47 to 6.63) Reference | 0.003 | 9.25 (3.50 to 24.47) Reference | <0.001 |
| Chronic hepatitis B No chronic hepatitis B | 10/66 (15.2%) 149/1048 (14.2%) | 1.78 (1.04 to 3.02) Reference | 0.034 | 1.63 (0.60 to 4.43) Reference | 0.333 |
| Current smoker Not current smoker | 5/32 (15.6%) 154/1082 (14.2%) | 1.59 (0.63 to 4.02 Reference | 0.331 | – | – |
| Previous COVID-19 No previous COVID-19 | 0/120 (0.0%) 159/994 (16%) | – | – | – | – |
*Unfavourable outcomes defined as shortness of breath or use of supplemental oxygen, hospitalisation or death.
†Adjusted for age, sex, residence type, current smoking status, hypertension, diabetes, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cardiovascular disease and chronic hepatitis B virus infection.
‡Other facilities include one vocational centre and one residential college where language and culture are taught.
COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; CVD, cardiovascular disease.