Table 3

Emerging concepts regarding perceptions of visiting surgical teams by low-income and middle-income country (LMIC) stakeholders.

StudyAdvantagesDisadvantages
Skills improvementSystem-level strengtheningImmediate clinical careAcademic/Career benefitsBroader collaboration opportunitiesPoor quality of careInsufficient knowledge transfersConcerns of ethics/equityAdministrative and financial issuesCompetitionLanguage barriers
LMIC ownership
 Ke et al32x x        
 Mitchell et al46     x     
 Woolley et al37x    x x   
 Alassani et al38x x     x  
 Nthumba18     xxxx  
 Nwafor et al35x     xxx  
 Elobu et al27x   x xx   
LMIC involvement
 Munabi et al22x  x  x    
 Cheok et al20xx  x      
 Cadotte et al26x  x    xx 
 Kavolus et al28  x        
 Cadotte et al29    x   xxx
 Munabi et al19x          
 Roberts et al17 x  x xxxxx
 Margolick et al39    x   x x
 Roche et al43  x  x xxx 
 Hayton et al24x          
 Cook et al25x  xx   x x
 Roche and Hall-Clifford42     x xxx 
 Haglund et al30xx         
No LMIC involvement
 Berry45       xx  
 Vyas et al34x   x      
 Billig et al33x         x
 Chaus36x x xxxxx x
 Cameron et al31x  xx   x x
 Worden et al23    x      
 Schoenbrunner et al44     x x   
 Green et al41 xx    xxx 
 Close and Christie-de Jong40  x     xx 
 Coughran et al21 xxx xxx x