Table 3

Summary of included articles

Study countryLead author (Publication year)AssessmentMethodSocial capital themes
AustraliaParajuli (2019)76Key articleIDI with 30 purposively sampled Bhutanese women refugees, about cervical and breast cancers, analysed phenomenologically and using feminist methodological frameworks.Roles of GPs; bridging roles of community workers; roles of interpreters; collective efficacy; social networks in awareness raising
DenmarkLue Kessing (2013)77SatisfactoryFGD and SSI with 29 refugees and immigrants, about breast cancer, analysed phenomenologically.Maintenance of transnational tie; shrinking social networks; high level of trust on health system; roles of GPs
JordanMcNatt (2019)47Key articleIDI with 68 conveniently sampled Syrian refugees, about NCDs, analysed thematically.Health system navigation; solidarity from host community; roles of healthcare providers
SwedenAweko (2018)78SatisfactoryIndividual interviews with 12 men and women immigrants about diabetes self-management, analysed thematically.Doctor–patient relationship; family obligations; family support
SwedenOlaya-Contreras (2019)79Satisfactory paperFGD with 33 purposively sampled Iraqi refugees and immigrants, about physical activity and diet, analysed thematically.Family support; family obligations; traditions and cultural values
NetherlandsNyaaba (2019)54Satisfactory paperSSI with 20 purposively sampled Ghanaian migrant workers, about hypertension, analysed thematically.Peer support; patient–provider relationship; family and community support; intersubjective community norms; health system navigation
United StatesAllen (2019)80SatisfactoryFGD with 31 conveniently sampled Somali women refugees, about cervical cancer, used content analysis.Doctor’s and spouse’s roles in decision making process for screening.
United StatesCartwright (2006)44UnsureTen short-answer questions were asked to 171 conveniently and referral sampled undocumented and documented Mexican immigrants, about diabetes, analysed thematically.Women’s roles as primary caregivers; Impact of xenophobia on healthcare access; bridging roles of community workers
United StatesD’Alonzo (2010)81SatisfactoryPhotovoice with eight purposively sampled Latin-American women immigrant, about physical activity, used developmental research sequence analysis method.Family obligations; maintenance of transnational ties; support from religious institutions
United StatesDevlin (2010)55SatisfactoryFGD with 30 conveniently sampled Somali women refugees, about physical activity, analysed based on theory.Family support; collective efficacy and social modelling; positive influence of peer support group
United StatesGiuliani (2008)82UnsureFGD with 46 conveniently sampled Somali refugees, about smoking.Peer pressure; family influences; family and peer support in cessation
United StatesHelsel (2005)83UnsureIndividual IDI with 11 conveniently sampled Laotian refugees, about type two diabetes and hypertension, analysed using grounded theory approach.Family support; roles of care providers and patient educators
United StatesHu (2013)58SatisfactoryFGD with 73 conveniently sampled Mexican immigrants, about diabetes self-management; used content analysis.Lack of family support; lack of support from healthcare providers
United StatesKim (2004)84UnsureWritten-response to open ended questions were collected from 256 referral-sampled immigrants, about cardiovascular diseases.Roles of family members
United StatesKobetz (2011)56SatisfactoryFGD with 18 conveniently sampled Haitian immigrants, about breast cancer, analysed using grounded theory approach.Disclosure of illness; roles of family and peer support; support from religious institutions
United StatesLor (2018)59Key articleFGD with 58 conveniently sampled Myanmar and Bhutanese refugees, about cervical cancer, analysed thematically.Social networks in awareness raising; family and friend support; roles of positive relationship with healthcare providers
United StatesMarinescu (2013)85UnsureFGD with 24 purposively sampled Somali refugees, about physical activity.Intersubjective community norms; bridging roles of community workers
United StatesMohamed (2014)86Satisfactory paperFGD with 17 and SSI with 3 Somali men refugees and immigrants recruited through convenience sampling, about physical activity, analysed inductively.Family obligation; intersubjective community norms; collective efficacy and social modelling; family and friend support
United StatesMurray (2015)87Satisfactory paperPhotovoice with eight conveniently sampled Somali women refugees, about physical activity, analysed thematically.Neighbourhood safety; intersubjective community norms; family obligations; family and neighbour support
United StatesNguyen (2011)88UnsureFGD and IDI with 110 Southeast Asian refugees and immigrant recruited through convenience and snowball sampling, about breast cancer.Bridging roles of community workers
United StatesNicdao (2016)89Satisfactory paperSSI with 16 Laotian and Cambodian refugees or immigrants recruited through convenience and snowball sampling, about diabetes, analysed using grounded theory approach.Shrinking social networks; social isolation; family support; doctor–patient relationship
United StatesSaadi (2015)90Satisfactory paperSemistructured IDI with 57 Bosnian, Somali and Iraqi women refugees recruited through snowball and convenience sampling, about breast cancer, analysed thematically.Family obligations; fatalism; patient–provider relationship; bridging roles of community workers; roles of interpreters
United StatesSanon (2016)57Satisfactory paperCritical ethnography with 31 Haitian immigrants recruited through purposive and snowball sampling, about hypertension self-management.Maintenance of transnational ties; peer support; family obligation
United StatesSchlomann (2012)91UnsureFGD with 21 purposively sampled Mexican immigrants, about diet and physical activity, analysed thematically.Family and friend support; family obligations; shrinking social network; impact of xenophobia
United StatesVamos (2018)92Satisfactory paperIDI with 18 purposively sampled Mexican women migrants, about cervical cancer, analysed thematically.Family and friend support; health system navigation; disclosure of illness
United StatesWorby (2013)45UnsureSemistructured IDI with 64 mostly undocumented Central American male migrants recruited through purposive sampling, on alcohol consumption.Unstable social network; lack of peer and family support; peer pressure; impact of perceived discrimination
  • FGD, focus group discussion; GPs, general practitioners; IDI, in-depth interview; NCDs, non-communicable diseases; SSI, semistructured interview.