First author Publication year WHO Region | Impact on routine immunisation (overall conclusion) | Financial investment | Human health resources (workforce strengthening) | Health service delivery |
Bawa et al37 2018 WHO AFRO | NA | Capacity building & training | Child & maternal health interventions | |
Bawa et al32 2019 WHO AFRO | Sustained funding for integrated primary healthcare services | Training for surveyors, nurses, midwives, community health workers | Healthcare delivery to undeserved areas Awareness in caregivers Access to mobile healthcare services Mobile routine immunisation service | |
Bedford et al38 2017 WHO AFRO | NA | NA | Community awareness & engagement with paediatric vaccination Awareness in caregivers | |
Bonu et al11 2003 WHO SEARO | NA | NA | NA | |
Bonu et al12 2004 WHO AFRO WHO SEARO | (depending on region) | NA | NA | Awareness about immunisation |
Closser et al39 2014 WHO AFRO WHO SEARO | Inconclusive | NA | Capacity building & training Broadening knowledge Worker satisfaction in areas with >4 campaigns per year | Provision of additional services Cold chain strengthening Service interruptions Public satisfaction in districts with many campaigns per year |
Helleringer et al402016 WHO SEARO | NA | NA | Use of routine immunisation services | |
Koop et al41 2001 WHO SEARO | NA | Healthcare worker recruitment | Access to healthcare via weekly clinics Support for other disease control Service delivery, communications & community engagements | |
Levin et al13 2002 WHO AFRO WHO SEARO | NA | Financing for routine immunisation & population health programmes (some regions only) No impact in some regions | NA | NA |
Mangrio et al 67 2008 WHO EMRO | NA | NA | Healthcare worker mobility Staff dissatisfaction & competition | Detrimental impact on routine immunisation, due to reassigned staff |
Mello et al42 2010 PAHO/WHO | NA | NA | Routine health service delivery | |
Nsubuga et al 43 2018 WHO AFRO | NA | NA | Skilled workforce | Routine services due to increased capacity Predicted disruptions after withdrawal |
Onyeka et al 44 2014 WHO AFRO | NA | NA | Capacity building & training Recruitment of volunteers and vaccinators from community | Routine health service delivery |
Poy 2016 WHO AFRO | NA | Capacity building & training | Integrated health interventions and Data on vaccine preventable diseases related activities | |
Tafesse 2017 WHO AFRO | NA | NA | Capacity building & training Deployment of technical assistants | Service delivery, communications and community engagement Cold chain |
van den Ent 2017 WHO AFRO WHO EMRO WHO SEARO | NA | NA | Capacity building & training | Improved health systems, & awareness of routine immunisation & other health initiatives (predicted reversal on withdrawal of Global Polio Eradication Initiative funded personnel) |
van Turennout 2003 WHO AFRO | NA | Staff morale | Routine services as they function well | |
Verguet 2013 WHO AFRO | NA | NA | Skilled workforce | First antenatal care visits Maternal health visits Regular health system functioning due to diverting resources |
Wallance 2017 WHO SEARO | NA | NA | Staff skills & knowledge Informing children to return for routine immunisation Immunisation technique | Health systems Supply chains Health information systems |
Zuber 2003 WHO AFRO | NA | NA | NA | NA |
= SIA had a POSTIVE influence for that outcome measure.
= SIA had a NEGATIVE influence for that outcome measure.
= SIA had neither positive nor negative impact.
NA = outcome measure not included in study.