Table 5

Results of included observational studies

SettingQFood environment characteristic†Outcome and significance*
AvPriceV/PM&RAccAffConvDDietNutritionHealth
Neighbourhood
Cohort studies
 Wang, 201235FXY
 Xu, 201336FXY
 Seto, 201934FXY
Cross-sectional studies
 Assis, 201940GXY
 Backes, 201942GXY
 Corrêa, 201846GXY
 Curioni, 202048GXY
 da Silva49GXN
 Dake, 201650GXY
 Hall, 202058GXY
 Jaime, 201160GXYN
 Leite, 201764GXY
 Matozinhos, 201570GXY
 Mendes, 201371GXN
 Menezes, 201874GXY
 Nogueira, 201876GXY
 Nogueira, 202077GXY
 Patel, 201880GXYN
 Pessoa, 201581GXY
 Velasquez-Melendez, 201385GXN
 Zhang, 202092GXY
 Zhou, 201794GXY
 Cunningham-Myrie, 202047GXXY
 Duran, 201553GXXXY
 Goryakin, 201555GXXXY
 Guo, 201856GXXO
 Guo, 201957GXXO
 Mendon√ßa, 201972GXXY
 Chor, 201645GXY
 Liu, 202068GXYN
 Oyeyemi, 201279GXY
 Vedovato, 201584GXY
 Wertheim-Heck, 201933GXN
 Kivuyo, 202062GXXY
 Machado, 201769GXXY
 Miller, 201675GXY
 Kroll, 201963FXO
 Trinh, 202083FXYY
 Zhang, 201290FXO
 deFreitas, 201952FXXXXY
 Watson, 201386FXXXXN
 Alves, 201939FXY
 Rossi, 201882FXN
 Menezes, 201873FXXXY
 Zuccolotto, 201596FXXY
 Camargo, 201944PXY
 Hua, 201459PXO
 Kelly, 201461PXXNNN
 Liu, 201467PXXXXY
 Zhang, 201691PXY
SettingQFood environment characteristicOutcome
AvPriceV/PM&RAccAffConvDDietNutritionHealth
School
Case–control studies
 Setiyaningsih, 201937PX
Cross-sectional studies
 Azeredo, 201641GXY
 Barrera, 201643GX
 Zhou, 202095GX
 Wijnhoven, 201488GX
 Yazdi-Feyzabadi, 201789GXXXY
 Li, 201166GXX
 Darfour-Oduro, 202051GXY
 Ochoa-Meza29GXY
 Bekker, 201731FXY
 Fernandes, 201732FXY
 Goncalves, 201954FXX
 Widiyanto, 201887FX
 Norbu, 201978PUnknown
Workplace
Cross-sectional studies
 Charoenbut, 201830GX
Home
Cross-sectional studies
 Leme, 201765G
 Ochoa-Meza, 201729G
 Zheng, 201393PX
  • *Outcome Y: yes, at least one significant outcome was reported; N: no a significant outcome was not reported; O: other.

  • †Quality: G: good, F: fair, P: poor.