Table 5

Who actually listened to Kilkari?

Listener typeDescriptionExamples
Woman was the listener
(WOM_02, WOM_05, WOM_06, WOM_07, WOM_11, WOM_12, WOM_18, WOM_21, WOM_25)
Woman owned her own phone and kept it with her most or all of the time. She reported picking up all or almost all Kilkari calls.WOM_05 owned her own phone and picked it up almost all the time. When her husband was home when the Kilkari call came in he sometimes listened to it with her.
WOM_07 owned the phone and picked it up almost all the time. But her younger sister-in-law picked up the calls sometimes when she heard the phone ring and WOM_07 was not nearby.
Husband was the listener
(WOM_09,
WOM_13, WOM_14, WOM_16, WOM_19, WOM_22, WOM_24, WOM_26, WOM_29)
Husband owned the phone and listened to all or most the Kilkari calls that were answered on that phone.WOM_13 owned her own phone at the time of the interview (1-year post partum) but at baseline (while she was pregnant) only her husband had a phone, so his mobile was registered to Kilkari.
WOM_26 did not own her own phone. Kilkari calls came in on her husband’s phone, which he kept with him at all times. WOM_26 knew it was a weekly call but had only heard two messages. Other than those two calls, her husband listened and told her that calls came. He said he recorded Kilkari calls and played them for her but she did not appear to have heard these recordings.
Husband was the main listener, woman was an occasional listener
(WOM_01, WOM_03, WOM_04, WOM_08, WOM_10, WOM_15, WOM_23, WOM_28)
Husband owned or was the primary user of the phone and picked up Kilkari calls when he could. When he received a call while close to his wife he may give her the phone or play the call on speaker.WOM_01 did not have her own phone but her husband left his phone with her so that they could keep in touch while he stayed in the city to receive medical treatment. Before he left he received most calls. While he temporarily moved away she received the calls. At one point she spent a month at her natal home and the phone remained with her husband.
WOM_03 owned the phone (it was given to her by her brother) but when her husband went out he took it with him. WOM_03 and HUS_03 both reported that they were the ones who picked up ‘most’ of the Kilkari calls. If the husband picked it up and was home with his wife, he handed it to her. They both estimated they heard one message a month.
WOM_04’s phone broke 3 months ago so she did not have her own phone when we interviewed her. Her SIM was in her husband’s phone. She thought the calls came once or twice a month and estimated that she had heard four to six Kilkari messages, in total. Her husband also said Kilkari came every 2 weeks. When the call came in to the husband’s phone while he was home with his wife, he handed the phone to her or listened with her.
WOM_10’s extended family shared one phone, which stayed at home while the husband went out to work. Both WOM_10 and HUS_10 reported that the other person received most of the calls and had the phone most of the time.
WOM_23 owned her own phone but everyone in her extended family picked it up when it rang. Her husband, sister-in-law and mother-in-law have all listened to some Kilkari messages. Her husband estimated that he heard around six Kilkari messages.
WOM_28 did not have her own phone. She had no sense of how frequent Kilkari calls were because they came into her husband’s phone Despite this, she estimated that she had heard six or seven calls because her husband played Kilkari on speakerphone to her sometimes.
There was also one special listenership profile:
  • Unexpected person was the high or medium listener: WOM_17 did not own her own phone; her father-in-law’s phone has been enrolled into Kilkari. He lived in another house in the adjoining compound and was listening to the messages but did not tell anyone about them.