Intervention impacts on primary and secondary outcomes among those attending seven or more intervention sessions, compared with controls matched on propensity for high intervention attendance*
| Type of intimate partner violence/abuse | Intervention (n=464) N (%) | Control (n=464) N (%) | Crude OR† (95% CI) P value | Adjusted OR‡ (95% CI) P value |
| Physical | 95 (20%) | 98 (21%) | 0.96 (0.70 to 1.32) 0.808 | 0.96 (0.69 to 1.34) 0.812 |
| Sexual | 91 (20%) | 98 (21%) | 0.92 (0.65 to 1.29) 0.616 | 0.97 (0.70 to 1.36) 0.873 |
| Emotional | 171 (37%) | 214 (46%) | 0.68 (0.51 to 0.90) 0.008 | 0.65 (0.48 to 0.87) 0.004 |
| Disclosed violence in past year (among those experiencing physical/sexual IPV in past year) | 99/142 (70%) | 109/145 (75%) | 0.76 (0.45 to 1.29) 0.305 | 0.80 (0.47 to 1.38) 0.425 |
| Attitude/belief | ||||
| Attitudes accepting of IPV | 235 (51%) | 296 (64%) | 0.57 (0.42 to 0.78) <0.001 | 0.51 (0.37 to 0.71) <0.001 |
| Believes a woman should tolerate violence in order to keep her family together | 69 (15%) | 123 (27%) | 0.48 (0.34 to 0.69) <0.001 | 0.47 (0.33 to 0.67) <0.001 |
| Believes IPV is a private matter and others should not intervene | 48 (10%) | 84 (18%) | 0.52 (0.35 to 0.78) 0.001 | 0.52 (0.35 to 0.77) 0.001 |
*Propensity score predicted based on a logistic regression model fitted to women in the intervention arm, with 7+ sessions as the dependent variable and independent variables comprising baseline measures of cluster size, age, religion, marital status, highest level of education attended, number of children, experience of sexual and/or physical IPV (never/ ever but not past yr/ past year), past year experience of controlling behaviour, and poor mental health.
†Crude OR point and interval estimates and p value are from a logistic regression with cluster-level random intercepts but no adjustment for baseline covariates.
‡Adjusted OR point and interval estimates and p-value are from a logistic regression with cluster-level random intercepts and adjustment for baseline measure of outcome (Y/N/NA), secondary or higher education (Y/N) and age (linear).
IPV, intimate partner violence.