Table 3

VMMC cost for a 6 months period, May–October 2018 (in 2018 US$)

Input type	Total VMMC mobilisation programme		Standard demand creation		SDC + HIVST approach		HCD approach		HCD approach +HIVST
Input type	$	%	$	%	$	%	$	%	$	%
Demand creation start-up costs	$21 918	3	$5646	2	$5313	4	$5479	3	$5479	4
PSI Demand Creation Capital Costs
Development costs (SOC & HCD)	$41 045	5	$9071	4	$6687	5%	$12 643	6	$12 643	9
Initial IPC training	$1637	0	$422	0	$397	0	$409	0	$409	0
Equipment	$1680	0	$439	0	$405	0	$417	0	$417	0
Total demand creation capital costs	$44 360	6	$9932	4	$7489	5	$13 470	6	$13 470	9
PSI demand creation recurrent costs
Personnel	$28 278	4	$8667	3	$6508	5	$6612	3	$6490	5
Vehicle operation and maintenance	$291 899	39	$116 039	45	$53 743	37	$74 181	36	$47 937	33
Communication and education	$53 637	7	$9667	4	$9667	7	$17 151	8	$17 151	12
HIVST kits	$2696	0		0	$1682	1		0	$1014	1
Promotional supplies	$23 392	3	$4216	2	$4216	3	$7480	4	$7480	5
Training and meetings	$10 776	1	$3284	1	$2523	2	$2454	1	$2515	2
Consultancy/service fees	$10 523	1	$3272	1	$2139	1	$2124	1	$2564	2
Other recurrent costs	$4661	1	$1846	1	$854	1	$1192	1	$770	1
M&E	$4725	1	$1650	1	$1125	1	$975	0	$975	1
Total demand creation recurrent costs	$430 587	57	$148 641	58	$82 457	57	$112 169	54	$86 896	61
Total demand creation costs	$496 864		$164 218		$95 260		$131 118		$105 845
Direct VMMC service costs
Commodities, consumables and non-consumables	$78 405		$28 564		$14 826		$23 489		$11 527
Personnel costs—direct	$34 196		$12 458		$6466		$10 245		$5027
Personnel costs—cost reimbursement scheme	$60 564		$22 064		$11 452		$18 144		$8904
Training costs	$37 387		$13 620		$7069		$11 200		$5496
Subtotal (direct VMMC costs)	$210 552	28		30		28		30		22
Indirect VMMC service costs
Capital costs	$38 457		$14 010		$7272		$11 521		$5654
Waste management costs	$2163		$788		$409		$648		$318
Support personnel costs	$4387		$1598		$830		$1314		$645
Programme supervision costs	$161		$58		$30		$48		$24
Subtotal (indirect VMMC costs)	$45 168	6	$16 455	6	$8541	6	$13 532	7%	$6641	5
Total VMMC service costs	$255 720		$93 161		$48 354		$76 610		$37 595
Cost per client reached
Total VMMC demand creation costs	$752 585	100	$257 379	100	$143 614	100%	$207 728	100	$143 440	100
Number reached	12 929		4937		2603		3062		2327
Cost per client reached	$58		$52		$55		$68		$62
Number circumcised	4324		1576		816		1296		636
Cost per VMMC client (service-delivery+DC Costs)	$174		$163		$176		$160		$226

Note that totals have been rounded to the nearest US$.
DC, demand creation; HCD, human-centred design; HIVST, HIV self-testing; VMMC, voluntary medical male circumcision.