Pooled sensitivity, % (95% CI) | Pooled specificity, % (95% CI) | Pooled DOR, OR (95% CI) | N studies | Heterogeneity for sensitivity (I², %) | Heterogeneity for specificity (I², %) | Heterogeneity for DOR (I², %) | |
Saliva | |||||||
Studies conducted on saliva with PCR as the index test and, | 84.5 (79.3 to 88.6) | 97.3 (95.3 to 98.5) | 184.9 (95.8 to 356.9) | 10 | 68.3 | 60.1 | 49.4 |
| 87.0 (81.8 to 90.9) | 98.6 (95.7 to 99.5) | 395.5 (117.1 to 1335.8) | 3 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| 83.2 (76.0 to 88.6) | 96.9 (94.3 to 98.3) | 153.4 (72.6 to 323.8) | 7 | 73.9 | 64.3 | 56.0 |
Urine | |||||||
Studies conducted on urine with PCR as the index test and, | 57.4 (41.4 to 72.1) | 98.6 (97.3 to 99.3) | 47.2 (22.1 to 101.1) | 5 | 87.9 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| 70.1 (61.9 to 77.1) | 98.6 (90.6 to 99.8) | 99.5 (18.8 to 526.2) | 2 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| 48.2 (28.5 to 68.4) | 98.6 (97.1 to 99.3) | 46.4 (15.2 to 141.7) | 3 | 88.3 | 0.0 | 23.1 |
Studies conducted on urine with RDT as the index test and, | 59.8 (40.0 to 76.9) | 96.9 (91.0 to 99.0) | 30.8 (23.5 to 40.4) | 9 | 95.8 | 95.6 | 0.0 |
| 71.7 (44.9 to 88.7) | 89.9 (83.9 to 93.8) | 30.0 (22.5 to 40.0) | 5 | 96.1 | 81.2 | 0.0 |
DOR, diagnostic OR; RDT, Rapid diagnostic test.