Starting milestone | Ending milestone | Median time (range), years* | IQR, years | N† |
Global-level VPRs | ||||
1st milestone per VPD‡ | 1st Gavi-supported country introduction | 7.4 (5.3, 13.8) | 5.8–10.1 | 6 |
1st NRA licensure per VPD | 1st Gavi-supported country introduction | 5.4 (0.6, 10.8) | 2.6–6.5 | 6 |
1st WHO PQ per VPD | 1st Gavi-supported country introduction | 2.6 (0.2, 4.4) | 1.2–3.9 | 6 |
1st SAGE Recommendation per VPD | 1st Gavi-supported country introduction | 4.6 (3.7, 13.8) | 4.2–7.2 | 6 |
Gavi Board approval | 1st Gavi-supported country introduction | 3.0 (1.3, 7.7) | 1.8–4.7 | 6 |
1st Gavi-supported country introduction | 50% of target coverage§ across Gavi cohort | 6.1 (2.3, 8.2) | 4.2–7.1 | 3,¶** |
50% of target coverage§ across Gavi cohort | 100% of target coverage§ across Gavi cohort | 7.0 | – | 1¶** |
Gavi Board approval | Gavi application window opened | 0.5 (−0.2, 6.2) | 0.1–0.7 | 6 |
Gavi application window opened | 1stGavi-supported country introduction | 1.5 (0.6–4.0) | 1.3–2.6 | 7** |
Country-level milestones | ||||
Country application submitted | Country application approved | 0.4 (−0.3, 3.7) | 0.3–0.7 | 251 |
Country application approved | Vaccine introduction in country | 1.1 (−1.4, 5.0) | 0.8–1.6 | 233 |
Vaccine introduction in country | Target coverage§ reached in country | 1.4 (−10.1¶, 5.1) | 1.1–1.9 | 162‡¶ |
Country application submitted | Vaccine introduction in country | 1.6 (−1.4, 7.1) | 1.2–2.5 | 291 |
Country application submitted | Target coverage§ reached in country | 3.3 (−9.8††, 8.2) | 2.6–4.6 | 153 |
Gavi application window opened | Country application submitted | 2.2 (0.0, 12.3) | 0.6–4.9 | 334 |
Country application approved | VIG disbursed | 0.4 (−6.4, 2.8) | 0.2–1.0 | 223 |
VIG disbursed | Vaccine introduction in country | 0.5 (−1.9, 7.0) | 0.3–0.9 | 263 |
Projected country introduction | Vaccine introduction in country | 0.5 (−0.7, 7.1) | 0.1–1.2 | 282 |
*Times can be negative when the milestones occurred chronologically out of the specified order.
†N refers to the number of VPDs analysed at the global level and number of countries analysed at the country level.
‡First chronological milestone—often, but not always the same as the first expected milestone.
§Target coverage is defined as within 10% of the country’s own DTP3 rate. Target coverage rates will vary across countries.
¶IPV included in this global-level VPD milestone as it pertains to country-level data.
**Only pentavalent, PCV and IPV reached 50% target coverage across the entire Gavi cohort, and only pentavalent reached 100% target coverage across the entire Gavi cohort.
††Extreme negative outliers stem from a country reaching target vaccine coverage using a Hib-containing vaccine prior to switching to pentavalent vaccine.
IPV, inactivated polio vaccine; NRA, national regulatory authority (WHO recognised); PCV, pneumococcal conjugate vaccine; SAGE, WHO Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on Immunization; VIG, vaccine introduction grant; VPD, vaccine-preventable disease; WHO PQ, WHO prequalification.