Table 1

Financial reporting database characteristics including funding definition, sources of database information, relevant subsets, time periods for which data were available and perceived strengths, weaknesses and differentiating factors

Database	Funding definition	Data sources	Database range*	Data subsets	Common features	Differentiating features
Development Assistance for Health (DAH)58	Estimates of grants and loans for health projects in LMICs from bilateral agencies only	Project databases, financial statements, annual reports, internal revenue service forms and correspondence with agencies†59	1990–2018		Donor Recipient Disbursed amount Year of funding transfer‡ Downloadable online	Health focus area recorded (includes Ebola and Zika specific) Funding channel recorded (intermediate agency) Global burden of disease and World Bank region recorded Duplicate indicator field Preliminary estimate field Perceived strength: intermediate agency reported Perceived weakness: non-government funding is not disaggregated by donor except for the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
Georgetown Infectious Disease Atlas (GIDA) Global Health Security Tracking site60	Commitments and disbursements for global health security	Funding tracking initiatives, financial reports, media statements, press releases, directly from donors and funds†61	2014–2020			Committed amounts recorded Donor and recipient type Financial and in-kind support recorded and indicated by field Funding has an associated project name and description Related IHR core capacity is recorded Perceived strength: related IHR core capacity is recorded Perceived weakness: some funding lacked a description
Financial Tracking Service (FTS)62	Humanitarian funding (paid contributions and commitments)	Reported by participating actors	1980–2023	Incoming funds		Committed and pledged amounts recorded Funding source and destination described by cluster, response plan, objective, activity or project Exact date of funding transfer is recorded Usage year Perceived strength: includes exact dates of funding transfers Perceived weakness: relies on donor reporting alone
				Internal funding transfers
				Outgoing funds

*Database range refers to the years the database has been established; only data from 2014 to 2019 was used for this analysis.
†Full methods annex explaining participating actors and data sources on cited reference.
‡Some transactions have year ranges available instead of a single year for example, ‘2014–2016’.
IHR, International Health Regulations; LMICs, low/middle-income countries.