Adherence to SAGER guidelines by study type
| SAGER guidelines recommendations | Type of study | |||
| Interventional trials | % | Observational trials | % | |
| Introduction: sex and gender differences in the infection, manifestation, or outcomes of COVID-19 should be acknowledged in the introduction. | 0/55 | 0 | 4/71 | 6 |
| Methodology1: papers should report how sex and gender were taken into account in the design of the study. | 0/55 | 0 | 0/71 | 0 |
| Methodology2: papers should justify reasons for the exclusion, or differing numbers, of males or females. | 0/55 | 0 | 0/71 | 0 |
| Results: ‘Sex- and gender-based analyses should be reported regardless of positive or negative outcome’.6 Articles should note if there is a difference between sexes or genders, or if there is no difference, in their results. | 2/55 | 4 | 12/71 | 17 |
| Discussion: what the results of the study mean for women and men should be analysed in the discussion section | 1/55 | 2 | 12/71 | 17 |
| Generalisability: if a sex and gender analysis is not done, then this should be justified or addressed in relation to the generalisability of the results. | 0/55 | 0 | 2/71 | 8 |
SAGER, Sex and Gender Equity in Research.