Logistic regression analyses predicting mental health outcomes by childhood adversity (financial strain/conflict) with adult socioeconomic disadvantage as the mediating variable (khb method)
| Total | Direct | Indirect | Mediated % | ||||
| OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | ||
| Depression | |||||||
| Childhood adversity | |||||||
| Strain (–), conflict (–) | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Strain (+), conflict (–) | 2.04 | 1.78 to 2.34 | 1.65 | 1.44 to 1.89 | 1.24 | 1.16 to 1.32 | 29.8 |
| Strain (–), conflict (+) | 2.70 | 2.30 to 3.18 | 2.56 | 2.17 to 3.01 | 1.06 | 0.99 to 1.13 | |
| Strain (+), conflict (+) | 3.39 | 2.82 to 4.07 | 2.72 | 2.27 to 3.27 | 1.25 | 1.17 to 1.33 | 18.0 |
| Dissatisfied with life—lowest three life satisfaction categories | |||||||
| Childhood adversity | |||||||
| Strain (–), conflict (–) | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Strain (+), conflict (–) | 1.53 | 1.21 to 1.95 | 1.15 | 0.90 to 1.46 | 1.33 | 1.21 to 1.47 | 67.5 |
| Strain (–), conflict (+) | 1.75 | 1.21 to 2.54 | 1.63 | 1.12 to 2.36 | 1.08 | 0.99 to 1.18 | |
| Strain (+), conflict (+) | 2.91 | 2.16 to 3.92 | 2.16 | 1.60 to 2.91 | 1.35 | 1.22 to 1.48 | 27.9 |
| Unhappy—lowest three happiness categories | |||||||
| Childhood adversity | |||||||
| Strain (–), conflict (–) | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Strain (+), conflict (–) | 2.27 | 1.66 to 3.10 | 1.60 | 1.17 to 2.19 | 1.42 | 1.26 to 1.60 | 42.7 |
| Strain (–), conflict (+) | 2.82 | 1.83 to 4.35 | 2.58 | 1.67 to 3.98 | 1.09 | 0.98 to 1.21 | |
| Strain (+), conflict (+) | 4.31 | 3.03 to 6.11 | 3.00 | 2.11 to 4.26 | 1.44 | 1.27 to 1.62 | 24.8 |
| Lonely—most/all of the time within past week | |||||||
| Childhood adversity | |||||||
| Strain (–), conflict (–) | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Strain (+), conflict (–) | 2.10 | 1.73 to 2.54 | 1.69 | 1.39 to 2.05 | 1.24 | 1.16 to 1.34 | 29.4 |
| Strain (–), conflict (+) | 2.62 | 2.02 to 3.38 | 2.47 | 1.91 to 3.20 | 1.06 | 0.99 to 1.13 | |
| Strain (+), conflict (+) | 3.28 | 2.57 to 4.19 | 2.62 | 2.05 to 3.34 | 1.25 | 1.17 to 1.35 | 19.1 |
| Feeling unsafe in local area—unsafe/very unsafe | |||||||
| Childhood adversity | |||||||
| Strain (–), conflict (–) | 1 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Strain (+), conflict (–) | 1.49 | 1.290 to 1.73 | 1.29 | 1.11 to 1.50 | 1.16 | 1.10 to 1.21 | 36.4 |
| Strain (–), conflict (+) | 1.37 | 1.14 to 1.64 | 1.32 | 1.10 to 1.58 | 1.04 | 0.99 to 1.08 | |
| Strain (+), conflict (+) | 1.56 | 1.28 to 1.89 | 1.34 | 1.11 to 1.66 | 1.16 | 1.11 to 1.22 | 33.7 |
Note on the khb method: the total effect is the association between the predictor and outcome (not adjusted for the mediator), the direct effect is the association between the predictor and outcome (adjusted for the mediator) and the indirect effect is the difference between the two in terms of log odds. The mediated percentage is the proportion of the total effect that can be explained by the mediator (indirect effect/total effect).
Results in bold are statistically significant (p<0.05). All models adjusted for age, gender, parental occupation and education and country. Mediation analysis was only performed when the total effect was significant.
khb, Karlson Holm Breen.