To establish theoretical models aiming to explain the phenomenon, describe the complex interactions and support the analysis of causal research questions

To describe the time series of TB cases/incidence stratified by demographic features such as age and sex, regions and groups of interest

To quantify the trend of the increased incidence in TB in relative (ie, growth rate) and absolute measures

To evaluate factors associated with the recent increase in TB using ecological data

To quantify the contribution of factors on the relative increase of TB incidence using individual population data

To estimate the population attributable fraction (PAF) of each factor associated with the TB increase and the combined risk factors (intersectional approach)

To account for the several players and changes in the region, accounting for its heterogeneity, to explain the observed phenomena

To simulate scenarios of potential interventions to mitigate the recent increase and return to the phase of decreasing incidence

To evaluate cost-effective interventions in the short term and long term to mitigate the recent increase and return to the phase of decreasing incidence

To evaluate better strategies to implement and optimise already known interventions to reduce incidence of TB, taking account the particularities of Latin America

To perform randomised interventions based on the main drivers aiming to reduce the incidence of TB, focusing on prevention of transmission, development of disease after infection and treatment

Health impact evaluation of new implementations