Table 3

Estimated top five causes of death (rates per 1000 population, numbers (1000s) and per cent of total deaths) for children and adolescents from birth to 19 years of age, globally for 2016. Remainder cause categories (other non-communicable diseases and other infectious diseases and malnutrition) are not included in the rankings. (A) Top five causes of death (estimated rates, numbers and per cent of total deaths) for children under-5 years globally in 2016. (B) Estimated top five causes of death (estimated rates, numbers and per cent of total deaths) for children and adolescents globally in 2016.

Rate per 1000 populationEstimated number (1000s)Per cent of total deaths (%)
A
Neonates aged 0–27 days
 Preterm birth complications4491035
 Birth asphyxia and birth trauma2662724
 Neonatal sepsis and infections1739515
 Congenital anomalies1629511
 Lower respiratory infections61596
Postneonatal infants aged 1–11 months
 Lower respiratory infections446529
 Diarrhoeal diseases225716
 Congenital anomalies1.21479
 Malaria0.91107
 Preterm birth complications0.7855
Children aged 1–4 years
 Lower respiratory infections0.525418
 Diarrhoeal diseases0.420415
 Malaria0.317913
 Injuries0.2957
 Drowning0.1554
B
Children aged 5–9 years
 Diarrhoeal diseases0.096010
 Lower respiratory infections0.096010
 Other injuries0.08559
 Road traffic injury0.08498
 Malaria0.07437
Young adolescents aged 10–14 years
 Other injuries0.064010
 Road traffic injury0.06369
 HIV/AIDS0.04277
 Drowning0.04246
 Lower respiratory infections0.04236
Older adolescents aged 15–19 years
 Road traffic injury0.1710214
 Interpersonal violence0.09538
 Self-harm0.09538
 Other injuries0.09517
 Diarrhoeal diseases0.05304
 (Maternal causes) for females0.05284