Characteristics of study participants at enrolment. Continuous variables reported as means (SD)
| Classic public works (cPW) | Expanded public works (ePW) | |||
| Sugira Muryango+cPW | cPW only | Sugira Muryango +ePW | ePW only | |
| Households (n=1049) | n=374 | n=374 | n=167 | n=134 |
| High food insecurity | 239 (63.9%) | 229 (61.2%) | 104 (62.3%) | 70 (52.2%) |
| Children (n=1084) | n=386 | n=384 | n=173 | n=141 |
| Average age in months | 21.0 (8.14) | 21.8 (8.6) | 20.8 (8.2) | 22.3 (8.4) |
| Health status and well-being | ||||
| Stunted (standardised height-for-age<2) | 184 (47.7%) | 178 (46.4%) | 85 (49.1%) | 75 (53.2%) |
| Wasted (standardised weight-for-height<2) | 13 (3.4%) | 9 (2.3%) | 8 (4.6%) | 2 (1.4%) |
| Underweight (standardised weight-for-age<2) | 63 (16.3%) | 71 (18.5%) | 30 (17.3%) | 27 (19.1%) |
| Screens positive, disability or developmental delay | 110 (28.6%) | 111 (29.0%) | 57 (32.9%) | 38 (27.1%) |
| Disciplinary practices | ||||
| Any violent punishment | 184 (47.7%) | 180 (47.0%) | 83 (48.0%) | 59 (41.8%) |
| Caregivers (n=1498) | n=555 | n=564 | n=211 | n=168 |
| Primary caregiver | 374 (67.4%) | 374 (66.3%) | 166 (78.7%) | 134 (79.8%) |
| Female | 371 (66.9%) | 372 (65.9%) | 166 (78.7%) | 134 (79.8%) |
| Average age in years | 34.5 (9.7) | 35.7 (10.3) | 36.3 (10.6) | 37.5 (12.7) |
| (Range) | (18-79) | (19-75) | (18-79) | (18-84) |
| Marital Status | ||||
| Single, separated, divorced, widowed | 171 (30.8%) | 166 (29.4%) | 117 (55.5%) | 91 (54.2%) |
| Relationship with child | ||||
| Biological mother | 341 (61.4%) | 338 (59.9%) | 152 (72.0%) | 119 (70.8%) |
| Biological father | 179 (32.3%) | 183 (32.4%) | 44 (20.9%) | 27 (16.1%) |
| Adoptive mother | 2 (0.4%) | 1 (0.2%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) |
| Stepfather | 1 (0.2%) | 4 (0.7%) | 0 (0.0%) | 5 (3.0%) |
| Stepmother | 1 (0.2%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) |
| Aunt/uncle | 3 (0.5%) | 2 (0.4%) | 0 (0.0%) | 0 (0.0%) |
| Grandparents | 28 (5.0%) | 36 (6.4%) | 15 (7.1%) | 17 (10.1%) |
| Educational Attainment | ||||
| No school/don't know | 112 (20.2%) | 132 (23.4%) | 60 (28.4%) | 38 (22.6%) |
| <6 years | 275 (49.5%) | 252 (44.7%) | 97 (46.0%) | 88 (52.4%) |
| ≥6 years primary | 88 (15.9%) | 89 (15.8%) | 26 (12.3%) | 21 (12.5%) |
| Secondary/vocational school | 80 (14.4%) | 91 (16.1%) | 28 (13.3%) | 21 (12.5%) |
| Health and safety | ||||
| Maternal victimisation violence, last 3 months* | 78 (39.8%) | 73 (35.3%) | 15 (29.4%) | 15 (36.6%) |
| Paternal perpetration violence, last 3 months* | 38 (21.2%) | 41 (22.3%) | 10 (23.3%) | 4 (12.5%) |
Binary variables reported as frequency (%).
*Among mothers (n=495) and fathers (n=438) who are married or cohabitating.