Table 1

A multipronged approach to deal with infodemics

Time framePre-emptive measuresImmediate measuresLong-term measures
Measures
  • Prepare

    • Develop definitions

    • Clarify roles

  • Educate

    • Inform public

    • Train public

  • Communicate

    • Establish collaborations

    • Monitor information

    • Assure quality

  • Establish

    • Surveillance

    • Monitoring

  • Synthesise

    • Evidence

    • Informed policymaking

  • Decentralise

    • Involve communities

    • Leverage role models

    • Target the vulnerable

  • Digital technology

    • Fact checking and rumour detection applications

    • Partnerships with social media giants

    • Establish a reliable platform for sharing information

  • Promote health literacy

  • Develop

    • Curriculum on fake news management

    • Public health awareness campaigns

    • Capacities of existing resources

  • Legislations