Table 2

Baseline characteristics of women (N=1278) and men (N=1238) in the target sample (control arm; indirect beneficiaries in each treatment arm)

Indirect beneficiaries: womenIndirect beneficiaries: men
Control Group
(N=836)
Couples’ UBL
(N=132)
Women’s UBL
(N=162)
Men’s
UBL
(N=148)
Control Group
(N=844)
Couples’ UBL
(N=126)
Women’s UBL
(N=125)
Men’s UBL
(N=143)
Female spouse age
 <30 years304 (36.4)51 (38.6)57 (35.2)69 (46.6)375 (44.4)58 (46.0)52 (41.6)63 (44.1)
 30–39 years386 (46.2)59 (44.7)82 (50.6)60 (40.5)315 (37.3)54 (42.9)55 (44.0)54 (37.8)
 >40 years146 (17.5)22 (16.7)23 (14.2)19 (12.8)154 (18.2)14 (11.1)18 (14.4)26 (18.2)
Male spouse age
 <30 years62 (7.4)17 (12.9)9 (5.6)16 (10.8)137 (16.2)26 (20.6)27 (21.6)28 (19.6)
 30–39 years319 (38.2)45 (34.1)58 (35.8)53 (35.8)350 (41.5)50 (39.7)52 (41.6)53 (37.1)
 >40 years455 (54.4)70 (53.0)95 (58.6)79 (53.4)357 (42.3)50 (39.7)46 (36.8)62 (43.4)
Female spouse level of education
 None642 (76.8)101 (76.5)133 (82.1)112 (75.7)585 (69.3)80 (63.5)87 (69.6)102 (71.3)
 Primary182 (21.8)28 (21.2)28 (17.3)35 (23.6)240 (28.4)42 (33.3)37 (29.6)39 (27.3)
 Secondary+13 (1.6)3 (2.3)1 (0.6)1 (0.7)17 (2.0)5 (4.0)1 (0.8)2 (1.4)
Male spouse level of education
 None348 (41.7)69 (52.3)85 (52.5)61 (41.2)312 (37.0)56 (44.4)51 (40.8)63 (44.1)
 Primary426 (51.0)54 (40.9)71 (43.8)76 (51.4)499 (59.1)67 (53.2)71 (56.8)71 (49.7)
 Secondary+60 (7.2)9 (6.8)6 (3.7)11 (7.4)31 (3.7)3 (2.4)3 (2.4)9 (6.3)
 Religion
 Muslim485 (58.2)94 (71.2)100 (61.7)111 (75.0)468 (55.5)86 (68.3)68 (54.4)78 (54.5)
 Orthodox279 (33.5)35 (26.5)53 (32.7)28 (18.9)311 (36.8)36 (28.6)49 (39.2)60 (42.0)
 Other69 (8.3)3 (2.3)9 (5.6)9 (6.1)62 (7.3)4 (3.2)8 (6.4)5 (3.5)
Comprehensive knowledge of HIV
 Yes211 (25.2)35 (26.5)37 (22.8)40 (27.0)208 (24.6)24 (19.0)42 (33.6)23 (16.1)
 No625 (74.8)97 (73.5)125 (77.2)108 (73.0)636 (75.4)102 (81.0)83 (66.4)120 (83.9)
Condom use at last intercourse
 Yes2 (0.2)0 (0.0)2 (1.2)0 (0.0)6 (0.7)1 (0.8)0 (0.0)3 (2.1)
 No832 (99.8)131 (100.0)160 (98.8)148 (100.0)836 (99.3)125 (99.2)124 (100.0)140 (97.9)
  • Note that at baseline, only one respondent per household was interviewed according to study subarm assignment. Secondary+ denotes secondary or higher education.

  • UBL, Unite for a Better Life.