Risk of bias assessment of articles included in the systematic review
| No of articles | Global health field(s) studied | Outcomes | Study design limitations | Inconsistency | Indirectness | Imprecision | Publication bias | Quality |
| Conference reports | ||||||||
| 20 | HIV/AIDS,14 Health Systems Research,2 Nutrition,1 Oncology,1 Mental Health1 | Barriers | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Unclear | Very low |
| Facilitators | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Unclear | Very low | ||
| Retrospective studies | ||||||||
| 9 | Emergency medicine/critical care,1 haematology,1 infectious diseases,1 health systems research,1 oncology,1 tobacco control,1 global health2 | Barriers | Yes | Yes | Yes | no | Unclear | Very low |
| Facilitators | Yes | No | Yes | no | Unclear | Very low | ||
| Opinion pieces | ||||||||
| 7 | HIV/AIDS,1 gender equity,1 health systems research,1 infectious diseases,1 global health3 | Barriers | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Very low |
| Facilitators | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Very low | ||
| Descriptive studies | ||||||||
| 4 | Oncology,1 HIV/AIDS,2 rural health1 | Barriers | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Very low |
| Facilitators | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Very low | ||
| Abstracts | ||||||||
| 3 | Haematology,1 oncology,1 infectious diseases1 | Barriers | Yes | Yes | Yes | Yes | Unclear | Very low |
| Facilitators | – | – | – | – | – | – | ||
| Scientific letter | ||||||||
| 1 | Global surgery1 | Barriers | Yes | – | – | Yes | Yes | Very low |
| Facilitators | Yes | – | – | Yes | Yes | Very low | ||
| Mixed-methods study | ||||||||
| 1 | Health systems research1 | Barriers | Yes | – | – | Yes | Yes | Very low |
| Facilitators | Yes | – | – | Yes | Yes | Very low | ||
| Newsletter | ||||||||
| 1 | HIV/AIDS1 | Barriers | Yes | – | – | No | Yes | Very low |
| Facilitators | Yes | – | – | Yes | Yes | Very low | ||
- = Not assessed.