Table 1

Country characteristics

	Philippines	Zambia	India	Uganda
Covid-19 related
First confirmed case*	January 30, 2020	March 18, 2020	January 30, 2020	March 21, 2020
Total confirmed cases as of October 5 2020*	322 497	15 052	6 623 815	8808
Total deaths as of October 5 to 2020*	5776	333	102 685	81
Deaths per 100 000 population†	5.3	1.8	7.4	0.2
Electricity, internet, phone
Access to electricity (% of population)‡	95 (total) 98 (urban) 93 (rural)	40 (total) 77 (urban) 11 (rural)	95 (total) 100 (urban) 93 (rural)	43 (total) 58 (urban) 38 (rural)
Mobile§ subscriptions per 100 people	154	96	84	57
Secure Internet servers per 1 million people¶	111	36	389	22
Individuals using the Internet (%)**	43	14	20	24
Population characteristics
Population††	108 million	18 million	1.4 billion	44 million
Average age (median)‡‡	25.7	17.6	28.4	16.7
Descriptions of our qualitative research
Topical focus	Vaccine hesitancy	TB care-seeking	COVID-19 health services	Mental health and HIV
Target population	Parents of <5 children, policy makers, healthcare workers, community leaders	Patients diagnosed with TB in the 2 weeks prior to interview	Private healthcare providers, including medical doctors and experience-based rural medical practitioners who provide services to low-income populations	People living with HIV, health workers, community members knowledgeable about mental health
Geographical areas	Urban and rural	Urban	Urban and rural	Rural, trading and fishing communities
Sampling technique	Purposive—criterion	Purposive—criterion	Purposive—criterion and snowball	Purposive—criterion and snowball
Average length of interview	1–1.5 hours	45–60 min	45–60 min	1–2 hours
Remote platforms used for recruitment and/or interviews	Zoom, Skype, Google Meet and FB messenger	Mobile phone	Mobile phone, WhatsApp phone, Zoom	Telephone