Table 3

Prevalence of hypertension reported in eligible studies conducted in LMICs

First author and year	Measurement used	Subgroup (if no whole population prevalence available)	Number with disease	Value of denominator	Proportion with disease as reported (%)	Measure of spread as reported (95% CI)
Iraq
Doocy et al 201342	Taking medications or medical visits	Jordan		3414	19.6	18.3 to 21.0
Doocy et al 201342	Taking medications or medical visits	Syria		2342	19.6	18 to 21.3
Mateen et al 201299	ICD-10 diagnosis	18–59 male	390	2252	17.3
		18–59 female	420	2399	17.5
		60–79	784	1230	63.7
		>80	76	100	76
Lafta et al 2016100	Diagnosis by a health worker		240	1216	19.7
Anon et al 2010101	BP >140/90 on two measurements		83	129	64.3
Jen et al 201531	Doctor diagnosed		28	290	9.6
Jen et al 201531	Doctor diagnosed		38	290	13.1
Taylor et al 201432	Self-reported		95	366	26
Cetorelli et al 201752	Health professional diagnosis	30–44		1193	4.4	3.2 to 5.9
		45–59		550	23.9	19.8 to 28.5
		60+		309	32.1	26.3 to 38.4
Dudova et al 2015102	On patient documents	35–44	10	122	8.2
		45–54	46	204	22.6
		55–64	79	231	34.2
		65+	109	226	48.2
Palestine
Saadeh et al 201543	Clinical diagnosis	2008	42 495	307 935	13.8
		2009	46 317	312 951	14.8
		2010	49 361	324 743	15.2
		2011	52 718	323 423	16.3
		2012	53 278	367 434	14.5
Mousa et al 2010104	One-off BP >140/90		1453	7762	18.7
Abukhdeir et al 2013105	Self-reported	Age 20–39	77		0.8
		Age 40–64	633		14.1
		Age 65+	393		33.1
Saleh et al 201844	One-off BP >140/90				37.2
Syria
Balcilar et al 201662	>140/90 or on medication		1463	5713	25.6	24.4 to 26.7
Chahda et al 201547	Self-reported	Elderly Syrian refugees	89	167	53	46 to 61
Chahda et al 201547	Self-reported	Elderly Palestinian refugees from Syria	37	43	86	72 to 94
Doocy et al 201567	Self-reported	18–39	60	3019	2	1.4 to 2.6
		40–59	220	1040	21.1	18.6 to 23.7
		60+	195	374	52.1	46.5 to 57.7
		Adult	475	4433	10.7	9.8 to 11.7
Doocy et al 201655	Healthcare professional diagnosed			3886	7.4	6.6 to 8.3
Eryurt et al 202046	Medication for hypertension or raised BP (average of 2 readings)		1687	5322	32
Maldari et al 201934	Patient/clinician reported		25	186	13.4
Rehr et al 201856	Self-reported		1126	8029	14	13.2 to 14.8
Doocy et al 2014107	Self-reported		500	5154	9.7	8.8 to 10.6
Vernier et al 201945	Self-reported		28	582	4.8	3.3 to 6.9
Other LMIC
Sun et al 2013 (China)59	BP >140/90 or diagnosis or taking medications		778	3230	24.08
Gomez-Restrepo et al 2018 (Colombia)84	Doctor diagnosed	Exposed to conflict	101	493	20.4	15.7 to 26.1
Gomez-Restrepo et al 2018 (Colombia)84	Doctor diagnosed	Exposed to conflict and another traumatic event	65	346	18.7	12.2 to 27.6
Adrega et al 2018 (Nepal)103	Self-reported/on medication/one-off BP >140/90		62	167	22.4
Mobula et al 2016 (Philippines)50	BP >=140/90		1709	3633	47
Renzaho et al 2014 (Sudan)33	Healthcare diagnosed		39	314	12.4
Lin et al 2015 (Philippines)108	Self-reported		127	228	46.2
Prueksaritanond et al 2007 (Taiwan)98	Not reported		38	87	43.7
Furusawa et al 2011 (Solomon Islands)85	One-off BP >140/90	Titiana	79	622	12.7
		Tapurai	68	919	7.4
		Mondo	59	129	45.8
Gomez et al 2009 (Grenada)94	Not reported				30

BP, blood pressure; ICD, International Classification of Diseases; LMIC, low/middle-income country.