Table 1

Definitions of measured practices by set and bundle and outcome comparison

Patient population‘Full’ set‘Narrow’ set
All labouring women with a liveborn neonateAll labouring women
Outcome assessedEarly neonatal mortality
(stillbirth excluded)		(i) Perinatal mortality
(stillbirth included)
(ii) Stillbirth alone
PracticeIncludedSupply
preparation		 Direct careIncludedSupply
preparation		 Direct care
Partograph startedX XX X
No oxytocin administered prior to delivery   X X
Oxytocin administered to motherX X   
Maternal temperature takenX XX X
Maternal blood pressure takenX XX X
Newborn weight takenX X   
Newborn temperature takenX X   
Skin-to-skin initiated at birthX X   
Skin-to-skin maintained for 1 hourX X   
Initiation of breastfeeding within 1 hourX X   
Clean scissors/blade preparedXX XX 
Cord tie preparedXX XX 
Mucous extractor preparedXX XX 
Neonatal bag and mask preparedXX XX 
Pads preparedXX XX 
Clean towel preparedXX XX 
Proper hand hygiene*X XX X
Birth companion present at admissionX  X  
Birth companion present during pushingX  X  
Total number of practices186101365

  • *Proper hand hygiene defined as the birth attendant using gloves, soap and water OR gloves and alcohol rub.