Political commitment |
High-level political commitment in all countries. National development agendas being aligned with SDGs. Priority goals identified and publicly proclaimed. Development of SDG roadmap, frameworks and strategies.
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Need for sustained political commitment. Perception as outsider’s agenda rather than national priority. SDG actions not backed by governance and institutional reforms. Lack of supportive legal and regulatory environment.
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Financial commitment |
SDGs aligned with pre-existing plans ensuring funding. Development partners and donors providing support in several LMICs. Strategies to increase domestic financing on health, for example, earmarked taxes on tobacco, alcohol and fast food.
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Limited government funding and fiscal space with low allocation to health. High donor dependence in some LMICs. Strictly sectoral budgets, limited budgeting capacities. Increasing healthcare costs due to rise in NCDs.
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Institutional set-up |
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Unclear institutional roles, responsibility and accountability. Limited understanding of working across sectors despite commitment. Lack of institutional capacity at subnational level for implementation.
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Stakeholder engagement |
Most common stakeholders include ministry of planning, bureau of statistics and ministry of health. Other related ministries and public departments are increasingly being involved in many countries.
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Multisectoral collaboration |
Several countries have set up multisectoral SDG councils external to MOH; others have adopted cluster approach. Multilateral and bilateral agreements exist between MOH and other ministries in some countries.
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Formal mechanisms for collaboration do not exist between different ministries or within MOH in some countries. Collaborative mechanisms exist on paper, but implementation is often inadequate at multiple levels. Lack of sustained multisectoral collaboration due to weak institutions.
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Role of development partners |
UN agencies led by UNDP, WHO and others technically and financially support SDG implementation. World Bank and bilateral donors support SDGs through advocacy, and technical and financial assistance.
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Monitoring and evaluation (M&E) |
Planning ministries and bureaus of statistics are the responsible bodies in most countries. List of targets and indicators identified for M&E in most countries. Possible sources of data collection identified and being integrated.
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Framework for monitoring SDGs not approved in some countries. Monitoring SDG implementation is difficult due to weak databases and management challenges. HHSDG indicators not captured by health information systems. Quality of data collected is questionable, and analysis and use suboptimal.
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Capacity development |
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Communication strategies |
In few countries, information is communicated by government or UN agencies to public through online platforms, press, celebrities and social media on 2030 Agenda.
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Use native languages, school educational system, and mass and social media. Orient and involve health workers to promote SDGs.
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Equity and accountability |
Equity is high on the agenda and most countries have identified vulnerable groups that include women, children, poor and migrants. Social protection, health insurance and public health programmes are being implemented to reduce inequities often as part of UHC.
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Need to focus better on monitoring equity and accountability from SDG perspective. Lack of disaggregated data is a major impediment in monitoring equity. Growing private sector and dual practice poses a challenge to policies on equity. Accountability channels are not well developed or functional in most LMICs.
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