facility delivery | ANC visits | caesarean sections | neonatal mortality | |
Panel A: Full sample | ||||
Births after nearby facility opening | 0.072*** | 0.380*** | −0.001 | −0.002 |
(0.010) | (0.072) | (0.002) | (0.002) | |
Any nearby facility | −0.003 | 0.055 | 0.003* | 0.000 |
(0.006) | (0.054) | (0.001) | (0.002) | |
Observations | 41 941 | 28 000 | 41 909 | 167 086 |
Panel B: Rural subsample | ||||
Births after nearby facility opening | 0.037*** | 0.226*** | 0.001 | −0.003 |
(0.008) | (0.069) | (0.002) | (0.003) | |
Any nearby facility | 0.000 | 0.097** | 0.001 | 0.001 |
(0.005) | (0.049) | (0.001) | (0.002) | |
Observations | 35 249 | 22 920 | 35 206 | 137 988 |
The ‘any nearby facility’ is an indicator (dummy). Its value is one if there is a facility within 5 km of the survey cluster. The facility can be built after or before the birth of the child. The value of the indicator (dummy) is 0 if a facility is never built within 5 km of the survey cluster. The ‘births after nearby facility opening’ is an indicator which has a value of 1 if the birth is in a survey cluster that has a facility with in 5 km and if the birth occurs after the facility has been opened. The indicator is 0 for survey clusters that never have access to a facility, or for births that occurred before a facility is opened in those clusters that get access to a facility at some point. All models include survey round fixed effects, birth year (cohort) fixed effects, and zonal fixed effects. They also include controls for wealth quintile variables, birth order, gender, twin or triplet births, mother’s age and mother’s education. Robust standard errors clustered at district (woreda) level. P-values: * < 0.1 ** < 0.05 *** < 0.01.