Argentina | China | Ghana | India | Indonesia | Kenya | Lebanon | Mexico | Morocco | Nigeria | Senegal | South Africa | 12 countries average | ||||||||||||||
N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | N | % | |||
N respondents | 1153 | 1422 | 1048 | 1321 | 1179 | 1106 | 1003 | 1239 | 1124 | 1166 | 1019 | 1069 | 13 849 | |||||||||||||
Sociodemographics | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Age | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
18–29 | 248 | 22 | 382 | 27 | 485 | 46 | 466 | 35 | 361 | 31 | 446 | 40 | 298 | 30 | 381 | 31 | 335 | 30 | 623 | 53 | 321 | 31 | 385 | 36 | 4730 | 34 |
30–49 | 394 | 34 | 597 | 42 | 338 | 32 | 552 | 42 | 460 | 39 | 424 | 38 | 440 | 44 | 496 | 40 | 482 | 43 | 402 | 35 | 331 | 33 | 478 | 45 | 5394 | 39 |
50+ | 511 | 44 | 444 | 31 | 226 | 22 | 303 | 23 | 358 | 30 | 236 | 21 | 265 | 26 | 362 | 29 | 307 | 27 | 141 | 12 | 367 | 36 | 206 | 19 | 3725 | 27 |
Female | 601 | 52 | 646 | 45 | 439 | 42 | 680 | 51 | 613 | 52 | 517 | 47 | 464 | 46 | 603 | 49 | 569 | 51 | 416 | 36 | 576 | 57 | 584 | 55 | 6708 | 48 |
Rural | 70 | 6 | 538 | 38 | 483 | 46 | 805 | 61 | 682 | 58 | 848 | 77 | 107 | 11 | 214 | 17 | 449 | 40 | 353 | 30% | 599 | 59% | 354 | 33 | 5501 | 40 |
Secondary or more education | 660 | 57 | 1023 | 72 | 720 | 69 | 545 | 41 | 648 | 55 | 385 | 35 | 638 | 64 | 784 | 63 | 455 | 41 | 946 | 81 | 205 | 20 | 953 | 89 | 7963 | 57 |
Good self-rated health status | 902 | 78 | 1061 | 75 | 894 | 85 | 800 | 61 | 710 | 60 | 760 | 69 | 833 | 83 | 956 | 77 | 658 | 59 | 1006 | 86 | 539 | 53 | 880 | 82 | 9998 | 72 |
Experience with the healthcare system | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
No visits to the health system in the past year | 338 | 29 | 637 | 45 | 453 | 43 | 455 | 34 | 474 | 40 | 374 | 34 | 461 | 46 | 347 | 28 | 471 | 42 | 398 | 34 | 526 | 52 | 323 | 30 | 5256 | 38 |
N visits in the past year (mean/SD) | 3.1 | 3.2 | 2.1 | 2.8 | 1.8 | 2.4 | 3.6 | 3.6 | 2.5 | 3.0 | 2.5 | 3.0 | 1.8 | 2.4 | 3.0 | 3.1 | 2.7 | 3.3 | 2.4 | 2.7 | 2.0 | 3.0 | 2.9 | 3.2 | 2.6 | 3.1 |
Last visit was to a private facility | 409 | 50 | 238 | 30 | 271 | 46 | 492 | 57 | 509 | 72 | 300 | 41 | 342 | 63 | 328 | 37 | 266 | 41 | 428 | 56 | 235 | 48 | 219 | 29 | 4036 | 47 |
Has health insurance | 811 | 70 | 946 | 67 | 628 | 60 | 488 | 37 | 533 | 45 | 401 | 36 | 445 | 44 | 743 | 60 | 530 | 47 | 437 | 37 | 351 | 34 | 313 | 29 | 6625 | 48 |
Perceptions of the healthcare system | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Last visit was high quality | 698 | 86 | 462 | 59 | 543 | 91 | 549 | 63 | 471 | 67 | 527 | 72 | 409 | 75 | 612 | 69 | 320 | 49 | 658 | 86 | 399 | 81 | 599 | 80 | 6246 | 73 |
Ever experienced discrimination | 197 | 17 | 461 | 32 | 227 | 22 | 324 | 24 | 378 | 32 | 297 | 27 | 215 | 21 | 274 | 22 | 415 | 37 | 267 | 23 | 358 | 35 | 222 | 21 | 3635 | 26 |
High rating of poor quality | 607 | 53 | 672 | 47 | 533 | 51 | 723 | 55 | 645 | 55 | 386 | 35 | 551 | 55 | 610 | 49 | 458 | 41 | 604 | 52 | 518 | 51 | 513 | 48 | 6819 | 49 |
Very confident could receive effective care | 300 | 26 | 294 | 21 | 520 | 50 | 276 | 21 | 286 | 24 | 502 | 45 | 328 | 33 | 272 | 22 | 209 | 19 | 624 | 54 | 354 | 35 | 484 | 45 | 4449 | 32 |
Agrees system works pretty well | 339 | 29 | 379 | 27 | 238 | 23 | 368 | 28 | 488 | 41 | 308 | 28 | 370 | 37 | 298 | 24 | 289 | 26 | 353 | 30 | 293 | 29 | 377 | 35 | 4100 | 30 |
The denominator is all respondents who visited a healthcare facility in the past 12 months. See online supplementary appendix 1 for the full survey instrument.