Illnesses perceived as common by residents/leaders, health workers and local authorities in each country pre-COVID-19
| Disease classification | Common health conditions | Bangladesh | Kenya | Nigeria | Pakistan |
| Non-communicable diseases | Hypertension/High blood pressure | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Gastric problem/Ulcer | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |
| Stroke/Heart-related issues | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||
| Arthritis/Bone weakness | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||
| Drug addictions | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||
| Obesity | ✓ | ✓ | |||
| Asthma | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |
| Communicable diseases | Cough/Tuberculosis | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Fever/Malaria | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |
| Food poison/Diarrhoea | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |
| Cholera/Waterborne disease | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | |
| Typhoid | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ||
| Measles/Skin infections | ✓ | ✓ | |||
| Hepatitis | ✓ |
Source: Stakeholder Engagement 2019; ✓ indicates that the condition was mentioned.