In-house and commercially available molecular methods for RVFV detection in human samples
| In-house nucleic acid test (NAT) methods for RVFV detection | |||
| Method | Publication | Target gene | Description |
| Real-time PCR (RT-PCR) | Bird et al 30 (2007) | L | Two-step assay for high-throughput detection of 40 known strains. |
| RT-PCR | Busquets et al. (2010) 54 | L | One-step real-time TaqMan assay. |
| RT-PCR | Drolet et al. (2012) 24 | L | Can be performed in BSL-2 as it involves pathogen deactivation step. |
| qRT-PCR | Drosten et al. (2002) 31 | M | Part of a panel for differential diagnosis of six viral haemorrhagic fever pathogens. |
| RT-PCR | Garcia et al. (2001) 55 | NSs | Two-step real-time TaqМan. |
| RT-PCR | Liu et al. (2016) 56 | L | Developed as a TaqМan assay card for 26 pathogens. Suitable for outbreak investigation or surveillance. |
| RT-PCR | Mwaengo et al.(2012)57 | L, S | Two-step real-time assay used for RVFV detection in mosquitos. |
| Nested RT-PCR | Sall et al.(2002) 58 | NSs | Qualitative. Used for 293 human and animal sera sampled during an RVF outbreak in Mauritania in 1998. |
| Nested RT-PCR | Sanchez-Seco et al.(2003) 59 | S, L | Nested PCR assay, qualitative. Uses degenerate primers in first round of PCR to capture all Phleboviruses. |
| RT-PCR | Weidmann et al.(2008) 60 | S | One-step assay, designed against 19 strains. |
| RT-PCR | Wilson et al.(2013) 61 | L,M, NSs | Multiplex RT-PCR which detects 3 segments: L and M segments as confirmatory targets, and NSs to differentiate between infection and vaccination (suitable for DIVA testing). |
| Commercially available NAT methods for RVFV detection | ||
| Method | Manufacturer | Approval |
| RealStar RVFV RT-PCR | Altona | CE |
| RVFV LightMix Modular Assays | TIB MolBiol | RUO |
| RVFV RT-PCR reagent | LifeRiver | CE |
| FTD RVFV | Fast-Track Diagnostics | RUO |
| RVFV RT-PCR kit; EBOV+RVFV and EBOV+RVFV+ YFV PCR kits | Genekam Biotech Ag | RUO |
| RVFV | PCRMax | RUO |
| QPCR Kit, RNA, RVFV | Techne/Cole Palmer | RUO |
BSL3, biosafety level 3; CE, approved for clinical testing; DIVA, distinguish infected from vaccinated individuals; EBOV, Ebola virus; FTD, Fast-Track Diagnostics; qPCR, quantitative PCR; RUO, approved for research use only; RVFV, rift valley fever virus; YFV, yellow fever virus.