Key factor | AMC pilot for pneumococcal vaccines | MVAC for TB |
Time frame for meeting the TPP | Short, as products were in late stage of development | Long, as potential candidates are in pre-clinical/early stage of development |
TPP | Product specifications defined by WHO experts including minimal characteristics to get reward | Product specifications defined by country payers, drawing on expert advice. Expert group to decide (as part of the governance) the minimum characteristics to get some reward. There are proposals around the minimum TPP, but these need to be reviewed and endorsed by the technical committee and ultimately by the countries. |
Price | Initial AMC price (paid by donors to recover manufacturing investment) of $7, subsequently reduced to a tail price of $3.50, set at an estimate of the marginal cost of production. The $3.50 became the minimum price. | Price based on health technology assessment (HTA) value assessment of the TPP and on local ability to pay of BRICS. Different prices in different countries. Prices adjusted to reflect percentage of TPP met in practice by the products. |
Competition |
|
|
Countries it is designed for | Designed to engage donor countries | All except HICs, with a focus on large MICs, but in particular countries transitioning away from aid; TB burden concentrated in large MICs and low-income countries |
Governance |
|
|
Role of companies (developers and/or manufacturers) |
|
|
Who bears the risk? |
|
|
Role of donors |
|
|
Role of LMICs |
|
|
Role of financing intermediaries |
|
|
AMC, Advanced Market Commitment; BRICS, Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa; HICs, high-income countries; LMICs, low- and middle-income countries; MICs, middle-income countries; MVAC, market-driven, value-based advance commitment; R&D, research and development; TB, tuberculosis; TPP, target product profile.