Table 1

Workforce development

Workforce	Training content	Output
ENT surgeons	ENT clinicians trained to develop as medical educators through Masters in Medical Education (MMed) programmes.	Two ENT surgeons were supported to completion of their MMed.
Paediatric surgeons	Continuing professional development: adult general surgeons trained to perform paediatric procedures. Professional advancement through Surgical fellowship scheme (COSECSA).	12 Surgeons trained (10 practicing purely paediatric surgery, 2 mixing adult and children surgery).
Overseas visits for surgeons	Tanzanian surgeons visited Oxford University Hospitals for 4–6 weeks.	Eight surgeons received targeted training in paediatric surgery.
Anaesthetics	Oxford anaesthesia team made five visits to Tanzania to train local staff.	Two anaesthetists trained in paediatric anaesthesia. 10 Operating theatre practitioners trained.
Radiology	Visiting Oxford and in-country training.	Four trainees learnt about interventional radiology and MRI
Nursing	In-ward training during visits, bedside teaching.	Four nurses trained in theatre organisation, and laparoscopic set-up. Community healthcare.
Clinical officers	WHO basic surgical care.	40 Clinical officers trained in basic surgical care.
Medical students	Student electives in Tanzania and UK.	Tanzanian students spent time in Oxford. Formation of OxPLORE.
Research capacity building	Mentor–mentee model; encourage and establish research programmes, grant application and publications.	Publication in peer-reviewed journals.5 17–31 Establishment of MNH–Oxford Research partnership.

COSECSA, College of Surgeons of East Central and Southern Africa; ENT, ear, nose and throat; MNH, Muhimbili National Hospital; OxPLORE, Oxford Paediatric Surgery Linking our research with Electives.