Table 3

Aggregate-level disparity by residential area* and 95% CIs of the four indicators

Not exposed to stunting or extreme poverty (%)ECE (%)†Home stimulation (%)ECDI (%)‡
85 countries65 countries62 countries60 countries
Average−22.6 (−26.5 to −18.7)−15.6 (−21.1 to −10.1)−9.8 (−14.3 to −5.3)−5.7 (−10.4 to −1.0)
Region
 East Asia and Pacific−18.8 (−27.5 to −10.2)−5.6 (−9.8 to −1.4)−12.6 (−16.5 to −8.7)−6.8 (−11.3 to −2.3)
 Europe and Central Asia−3.8 (−7.1 to −0.5)−22.2 (−28.6 to −15.8)−4.2 (−8.1 to −0.3)−1.1 (−5.2 to 3.1)
 Latin America and the Caribbean−13.7 (−20.1 to −7.3)−11.8 (−18.5 to −5.0)−9.7 (−15.7 to −3.7)−4.2 (−10.4 to 2.0)
 Middle East and North Africa−5.5 (−12.5 to 1.5)−11.4 (−21.1 to −1.8)−8.1 (−12.3 to −3.9)−2.0 (−6.3 to 2.4)
 South Asia−11.8 (−14.6 to −9.0)−11.0 (−15.1 to −6.9)−10.2 (−13.8 to −6.6)−10.1 (−14.6 to −5.7)
 Sub-Saharan Africa−37.2 (−41.6 to −32.8)−18.6 (−22.4 to −14.7)−12.4 (−16.8 to −8.0)−8.7 (−13.1 to −4.4)
Country income class
 Low-income−34.1 (−40.3 to −28.0)−15.6 (−19.0 to −12.1)−10.4 (−14.3 to −6.5)−8.1 (−12.1 to −4.0)
 Lower-middle income−21.7 (−27.4 to −16.0)−16.3 (−20.9 to −11.7)−12.2 (−17.0 to −7.4)−6.8 (−11.5 to −2.0)
 Upper-middle income−9.8 (−14.9 to −4.7)−14.9 (−22.8 to −7.1)−7.1 (−11.8 to −2.4)−3.1 (−8.2 to 2.1)
  • *Gaps by residential area are defined as the difference between rural and urban averages. A negative area gap implies urban advantage, while a positive area gap rural advantage.

  • †Early care and education programme.

  • ‡Early Childhood Development Index.

  • ECDI, Early Childhood Development Index; ECE, early childhood and education.