Annual cost of physician emigration, by WHO region and World Bank income group
| Total annual cost (million US$) | % of gross national income | Cost per physician per year (thousand US$) | |
| WHO regions | |||
| Africa | 6425 (1572 to 15 414) | 0.370% (0.091% to 0.888%) | 293 (71 to 740) |
| Americas | 1079 (216 to 2631) | 0.020% (0.004% to 0.050%) | 30 (6 to 78) |
| Eastern Mediterranean | 3468 (610 to 8490) | 0.205% (0.036% to 0.503%) | 76 (13 to 194) |
| Europe | 434 (75 to 1070) | 0.013% (0.002% to 0.031%) | 10 (2 to 26) |
| Southeast Asia | 3804 (780 to 9042) | 0.102% (0.021% to 0.243%) | 49 (10 to 121) |
| Western Pacific | 645 (132 to 1598) | 0.005% (0.001% to 0.014%) | 34 (7 to 86) |
| WB income groups | |||
| Low income | 936 (233 to 2213) | 0.258% (0.064% to 0.609%) | 208 (51 to 530) |
| Lower middle income | 10 582 (2352 to 25 350) | 0.181% (0.040% to 0.434%) | 82 (18 to 205) |
| Upper middle income | 4337 (798 to 10 682) | 0.020% (0.004% to 0.050%) | 41 (7 to 105) |
| Total | 15 855 (3384 to 38 245) | 0.057% (0.012% to 0.138%) | 66 (14 to 166) |
Median (95% CI).
WB, World Bank.