Proposed enablers and barriers
| Community context | Description | Discussed by |
| Pre-existing poverty | Material poverty, poor access to employment and education, financial dependence on husbands or employers, insecure tenure of housing. | 30 37 43 45 49 50 54 55 58 67 76 83 84 110 112 127 |
| Supportive institutional-political context | Political will to tackle health issue, health system minimally functioning and able to respond to community concerns, lack of violent conflict, insecurity and instability. | 25 59–61 71 73 74 76 78 80 111 118 127 |
| Pre-existing social cohesion | Existing sense of belonging, identity and trust, existing social networks and community groups, history of living and working together. | 22 30 50 64 70 73 83 84 121 127 |
| Supportive pre-existing health beliefs, attitudes and norms | Existing awareness and concern with health issue, prior confidence that issue can be addressed, culture of open discussion around issue. | 37 50 54 59 61 69 83 111 127 |
| Pre-existing power hierarchies in the community | Lack of voice and decision-making power for women in the community, stigmas of sex and reproduction, power relations between men. | 22 42 50 53 54 58 59 63 64 68 69 81 83 118 127 |
| Pre-existing power hierarchies within households | General lack of female household agency; husbands forbidding wives to attend group meetings; unequal power relations between daughters-in-law and mothers-in-law. | 42 43 49 50 58 59 62 67 69 79 81 82 110 114 119 |
| Intervention context | Description | Discussed by |
| Intervention design and management | ||
| Staff management | Effective recruitment, training and supervision of group facilitators; staff confidence, motivation and retention. | 37 42 49 52 58 67 78 80 83 107 112 125 |
| Incentives for participation | Cash or food transfers at group meetings; reimbursements for taxi fare; microfinance initiatives; help accessing entitlements. | 37 43 48 55 58 59 70 86 87 107 108 |
| Managing community relations | Engaging stakeholders; avoiding backlash; building relationships with community members. | 2 50 52 61 78 83 87 122 |
| Intervention implementation | ||
| Respect for local people, knowledge and practices | Avoiding trying to ‘teach’ group members and being open to learning from group members; negotiating flexibly, not demanding change. | 37 42 48–50 61 62 69 114 122 127 |
| Relevant education tools | Locally accessible education materials; relevant language used; presence of a meeting agenda. | 42 48–50 69 107 109 |
| Inclusion of less powerful subpopulations | Participation of less powerful community members and equal opportunity for all to contribute to group activities | 37 48 50–52 69 83 107 109 114 122 |